Empirical Consequences of Emergent Mass

Roberts, Craig D.

doi:10.3390/sym12091468

Cited by 101 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 247 publications

(388 reference statements)

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“…where the superscript "0" indicates evaluation in the chirallimit. Both M 0 and f 0 π are order parameters for dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) [79], which itself is an expression of EHM in the Standard Model [45]. Moreover, Eq.…”

Section: Pion Twist-two Gtmdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A merit of this approach is that, by enabling a largely algebraic treatment of relevant processes and quantities, it provides for an insightful assessment of all results. Moreover, when considered judiciously [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], such results may often be interpreted from a QCD perspective because this treatment of the CI preserves many qualities of the leading-order truncation of QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs), itself a sound approach to many hadron observables [41][42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contact interaction analysis of pion GTMDs

et al. 2021

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A contact interaction is used to calculate an array of pion twist-two, -three and -four generalised transverse light-front momentum dependent parton distribution functions (GTMDs). Despite the interaction’s simplicity, many of the results are physically relevant, amongst them a statement that GTMD size and shape are largely prescribed by the scale of emergent hadronic mass. Moreover, proceeding from GTMDs to generalised parton distributions, it is found that the pion’s mass distribution form factor is harder than its electromagnetic form factor, which is harder than the gravitational pressure distribution form factor; the pressure in the neighbourhood of the pion’s core is commensurate with that at the centre of a neutron star; the shear pressure is maximal when confinement forces become dominant within the pion; and the spatial distribution of transversely polarised quarks within the pion is asymmetric. Regarding transverse momentum dependent distribution functions, their magnitude and domain of material support decrease with increasing twist. The simplest Wigner distribution associated with the pion’s twist-two dressed-quark GTMD is sharply peaked on the kinematic domain associated with valence-quark dominance; has a domain of negative support; and broadens as the transverse position variable increases in magnitude.

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Section: Pion Twist-two Gtmdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact interaction analysis of pion GTMDs

et al. 2021

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“…There were many important steps along the way to reaching this point, crucial amongst them being a unification of the bottom-up (matter sector based) and topdown (gauge sector focused) approaches to understanding QCD's interactions [33], and perspectives are provided in several contemporary sources [32,[34][35][36][37][38][39]. With both the existence and value of the emergent gluon mass scale having been established by theory, challenges and opportunities arise with the need to elucidate observable consequences: the picture of emergent hadronic mass (EHM) must be tested empirically.…”

Section: Nonperturbative Quantum Chromodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On mass and matter

Roberts

2021

AAPPS Bull.

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The visible Universe is largely characterised by a single mass scale, namely, the proton mass, mp. Contemporary theory suggests that mp emerges as a consequence of gluon self-interactions, which are a defining characteristic of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong interactions in the Standard Model. However, the proton is not elementary. Its mass appears as a corollary of other, more basic emergent phenomena latent in the QCD Lagrangian, e.g. generation of nuclear-size gluon and quark mass-scales, and a unique effective charge that may describe QCD interactions at all accessible momentum scales. These remarks are explained herein, and focusing on the distribution amplitudes and functions of π and K mesons, promising paths for their empirical verification are elucidated. Connected therewith, in anticipation that production of J/ψ-mesons using π and K beams can provide access to the gluon distributions in these pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone modes, predictions for all π and K distribution functions are provided at the scale ζ=mJ/ψ.

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“…The exceptional property of infrared saturation displayed by gluon propagators simulated on large-volume lattices in the Landau gauge [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], away from it [8][9][10][11], and even in the presence of dynamical quarks [11][12][13][14], has been the focal point of intense study during over a decade, through a variety of continuum approaches 64,67,68,84,107,115,122,125]. In fact, this special nonperturbative feature has often been associated with the emergence of a mass gap, a e-mail: aguilar@ifi.unicamp.br (corresponding author) whose origin, dynamics, and phenomenological implications are fundamental for our understanding of the gauge sector of QCD [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluon dynamics from an ordinary differential equation

2021

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We present a novel method for computing the nonperturbative kinetic term of the gluon propagator from an ordinary differential equation, whose derivation hinges on the central hypothesis that the regular part of the three-gluon vertex and the aforementioned kinetic term are related by a partial Slavnov–Taylor identity. The main ingredients entering in the solution are projection of the three-gluon vertex and a particular derivative of the ghost-gluon kernel, whose approximate form is derived from a Schwinger–Dyson equation. Crucially, the requirement of a pole-free answer determines the initial condition, whose value is calculated from an integral containing the same ingredients as the solution itself. This feature fixes uniquely, at least in principle, the form of the kinetic term, once the ingredients have been accurately evaluated. In practice, however, due to substantial uncertainties in the computation of the necessary inputs, certain crucial components need be adjusted by hand, in order to obtain self-consistent results. Furthermore, if the gluon propagator has been independently accessed from the lattice, the solution for the kinetic term facilitates the extraction of the momentum-dependent effective gluon mass. The practical implementation of this method is carried out in detail, and the required approximations and theoretical assumptions are duly highlighted.

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Empirical Consequences of Emergent Mass

Cited by 101 publications

References 247 publications

Contact interaction analysis of pion GTMDs

Contact interaction analysis of pion GTMDs

On mass and matter

Gluon dynamics from an ordinary differential equation

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