Empirical distributions of vehicle use and fuel efficiency across space: Implications of asymmetry for measuring policy incidence

Cook, Jonathan; Sanchirico, James N.; Salon, Deborah; Williams, Jeffrey

doi:10.1016/j.tra.2015.04.030

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The relationship between urban form and political support for driving taxes is complicated by several factors. First, fuel efficiency affects the costs that a household incurs from a carbon or gasoline tax, albeit in a way that reinforces the effects of urban form: denser urban areas tend to have more fuel-efficient cars as well as less vehicle travel (Cook et al, 2015). Second, not only the costs but also the benefits of increased driving taxes through reducing congestion and air pollution externalities will vary spatially.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How land use patterns keep driving cheap: Geographic support for transportation taxes

Millard-Ball,

Kapshikar

2023

Urban Studies

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Economists tend to favour price-based approaches, such as gasoline and carbon taxes, to address the negative impacts of car travel, while urban planners tend to emphasise land use planning such as compact development. In this paper, we argue that the two approaches are synergistic. We use precinct-level data from two California referenda to show that land use planning makes pricing more feasible: voters in dense, transit-oriented neighbourhoods are more willing to support a carbon price and increased gasoline taxes. Political ideology is a more important determinant of voting patterns, but in a closely divided election, land use patterns, public transportation, and other aspects of the built environment can determine the success of a referendum on driving taxes. Our results also imply that the voluminous research on land use and transportation underestimates the long-run impacts of compact development on driving, through ignoring the ways in which urban form shapes the politics of taxation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How land use patterns keep driving cheap: Geographic support for transportation taxes

Millard-Ball,

Kapshikar

2023

Urban Studies

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“…In the USA, Cook et al (2015) used a database of more than 20 million cars in California to stem estimations of VMT and fuel consumption to inspect the spatial spreading of influences for the raise in fuel price besides the effects of applying alternative indicators for policy assessment. Results indicated that the distributions of VMT and fuel consumption varied considerably between different transport regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle inspection policy and emission analysis in Kuwait

AlKheder

AlRukaibi

Aiash

2020

Environ Geochem Health

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Technical vehicle inspection centers are widespread in Kuwait. All vehicles should pass the test every two years if not older than six years or every one-year for other vehicles. This study provided an insight into the data collected from test centers and the emission test utilized in Kuwait. Data were collected from tests centers in the six governorates. 196 vehicles were tested but only 152 vehicles were utilized for CO emission violation and 157 vehicles for HC emission violation. European standards were selected as limits for emission violation. Independent variables included place of vehicle manufacture, vehicle's age, and odometer reading. A multinomial logit model was used to identify the significant predictors and to determine the correlation between dependent and independent variables. ANN was employed to compare prediction estimates of neural network and multinomial logit. The findings showed that the place of vehicle's manufacture, vehicle's age, and odometer reading were significant regarding violating emission standards of CO. Asian vehicles, vehicles with more than 150,000 km mileage, and vehicles older than 15 years had a higher probability of failing CO test as compared to place of manufacture. In contrast, the odometer reading was the only significant indicator for vehicles that have failed HC test especially those with 150,000 km odometer reading.

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