Empirical investigation and characterization of surface subsidence related to block cave mining

Woo, Katheryn; Eberhardt, E.; Elmo, Davide; Stead, Doug

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2013.01.015

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As shown in Table 3, the compressive strength (f c ) of the mixed granite is 55.3 MPa and the elastic modulus (E) is 3.5 GPa. The calculation inputs for the compressive strength and elastic modulus are calculated according to formulas (9) and (10); the values are 68.9 MPa and 11.3 GPa, respectively. Subsequently, the uniaxial compression numerical simulation of the model is carried out, and we observe the peak intensity of the model.…”

Section: Determination Of Mechanical Parameters In Numericalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The caving process propagates upwards to the surface; thus significant surface subsidence appears and even large-scale collapse pits are formed [9]. As a result, this poses a serious threat to buildings, haulage roads, rivers, industrial facilities, and farmland [10][11][12]. To control the dangerous situation, it is of great importance to study the mechanism of the rock mass caving and associated surface subsidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Rock Mass Caving and Surface Subsidence Mechanism Based on an In Situ Geological Investigation and Numerical Analysis

Ren

Zhang

Cao

et al. 2018

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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To deeply understand the mechanism of the rock mass caving and associated surface subsidence during sublevel caving mining, the Xiaowanggou iron mine was selected as an engineering project case study. The study area was analyzed by means of an in situ geological investigation and numerical simulation. First, a borehole television (BHTV) system and a GPS monitoring system were used to monitor the caving process of the roof rock mass and the development of the surface subsidence; the monitoring time was thirteen months. Then, a numerical simulation was used to analyze the damage evolution of the rock mass. Research shows the following: (1) in situ geological monitoring results indicate that the caving process of the roof rock mass presents intermittent characteristics, where slow caving and sudden caving are conducted alternatively and the arched-caving trend is more pronounced with continuous mining. The surface subsidence, horizontal displacement, and horizontal deformation of the hanging wall are higher than that of the footwall, and the subsidence center gradually deflects to the hanging wall in the late stage of the +45m sublevel mining. (2) Numerical simulation results indicate that the extension and penetration of the shear and tensile cracks along the joints and intact rock bridges are the main factors causing the rock mass caving and the existence of the stress arch and its evolution process is the fundamental reason for the intermittent caving of the rock mass. The rapid development of damage to the hanging wall (the damage angle reduced) is the main cause of the deflection of the subsidence center affected by joints and the mining size. (3) In the future of mining, large-scale subsidence will occur on the surface of the hanging wall.

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Section: Determination Of Mechanical Parameters In Numericalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Rock Mass Caving and Surface Subsidence Mechanism Based on an In Situ Geological Investigation and Numerical Analysis

Ren

Zhang

Cao

et al. 2018

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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show abstract

“…However, Woo et al (2013), in their study of a comprehensive database of cave mining operations and caving-induced ground deformations, concluded that it is not enough to use empirical data to predict the characteristics and geometry of the caved zone. By using numerical analysis it was shown that in fact the caved zone extents increase with respect to small displacements and that subsidence angles increase with increasing mining depth.…”

Section: Influence Of Mining Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of large-scale structures on the stability of the hangingwall in a caving mine: a modelling study

Umar

Edelbro

2016

IJMME

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Abstract:The Printzsköld orebody in the Malmberget mine of Northern Sweden is currently under production and is centrally located in the mining area. The effects of the on-going sublevel cave-mining in this orebody are currently investigated with respect to cave development with an initial emphasis on the effects of stress redistribution and potential rock mass yielding. In this study, three-dimensional discontinuum modelling of the Printzsköld orebody is presented, in which the effect of three pre-existing large-scale geological structures have been studied. The results of the present study showed low stress build-ups in the crown pillar and cave bottom, due to shear slip developing along the structures. The presence of large-scale structures has no significant effects on the far-field stresses as shear slip along these structures is confined to cave boundaries. An analysis of the shear strength of the structures showed larger effects of slip on reducing friction angle than the reduction of cohesion.

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“…Wu et al [2], through image algorithms and so on, analyzed the mining landscape changes before and after subsidence with the support of GIS technology. According to the characteristics of mining subsidence, Jung et al studied the comprehensive prediction and calculation methods related to mining subsidence, and so on [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In view of the subsidence characteristics of the surface steps caused by the mining of the shallow and extra thick coal seam, Ju and Xu [10] put forward three possible control methods for surface stepped subsidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Thin Plate Model with Elastic Foundation Boundary of Overlying Strata for Backfill Mining

Chen

Xie

et al. 2020

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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In order to better study the movement principles of overlying strata during backfill mining, we established a thin plate model on an elastic foundation with elastic foundation boundary of the main roof. And by the finite difference method, the variation principles of the main roof’s principal moments and maximum subsidence ω0 with the elastic foundation coefficient k1 of the coal seam, the elastic foundation coefficient k2 of backfill body, the thickness h, Young’s modulus E, and Poisson’s ratio μ of main roof are calculated and studied. Using these calculations, we were able to determine that the main roof had three principal bending moment extreme points, including Mzz in backfill areas, Mc of the long side area, and Md of the short side area. The distance Lc of Mc advancing coal wall continuously increased with the increase in k2, while the principal moment of main roof’s middle area decreased with an increase in k2; when k2 became larger, the maximum principal moment in the midpoint of main roof transferred to the surrounding and the maximum principal moments was in four-corner area; Mc and Md decreased with an increase in k2, and Md was more sensitive to k2 than Mc; and Md decreased significantly with the increase in k2. Lc continuously decreased with the increase in k1, while Mc, Md and Mzz increased with the increase in k1 and the reduced amplitude of Mzz was the minimum. The effect of μ on principal bending moments and ω0 was very small; The growth rate of Mzz was the largest when E or h increased. Md, Mzz, and Lc remained unchanged when k1, k2, and Young’s modulus E of the main roof increased while the ratio value remained constant (k1/k2/E). Finally, the theoretical calculations were applied to the I26 backfill working face in the Xingdong mine to calculate the final subsidence amounts of the main roof. Field observations and theoretical calculations were about 48 mm, verifying the method’s applicability.

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Empirical investigation and characterization of surface subsidence related to block cave mining

Cited by 60 publications

References 3 publications

Study on the Rock Mass Caving and Surface Subsidence Mechanism Based on an In Situ Geological Investigation and Numerical Analysis

Study on the Rock Mass Caving and Surface Subsidence Mechanism Based on an In Situ Geological Investigation and Numerical Analysis

Influence of large-scale structures on the stability of the hangingwall in a caving mine: a modelling study

Study on the Thin Plate Model with Elastic Foundation Boundary of Overlying Strata for Backfill Mining

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