Empirical model for calculating sediment-transport capacity in shallow overland flows: Model development

Guy, B. T.; Rudra, R. P.; Dickenson, W. Trevor; Sohrabi, Teymour

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2009.02.002

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Some studies showed that the velocity profi le of sediment-laden fl ow changed as sediment load increased. The velocity profi le shifted to smaller values, and became steeper, caused by momentum transfer from fl ow (Parker and Coleman, 1986;Li and Abrahams, 1997;Abrahams and Li, 1998;Guy et al, 2009). However, other studies showed an opposite trend (Guy et al, 1990;Rickenmann, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Most of these features are highly variable in space and time, which makes the study of resistance of overland fl ow more complicated than that in channels and rivers. Sediment load can have signifi cant effects on the resistance of overland fl ow (Guy et al, 2009). Both fl ow resistance and bed roughness increase as sediment load increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of sediment load on hydraulics of overland flow on steep slopes

Zhang

Shen

Luo

et al. 2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Eroded sediment may have signifi cant effects on the hydraulics of overland fl ow, but few studies have been performed to quantify these effects on steep slopes. This study investigated the potential effects of sediment load on Reynolds number, Froude number, fl ow depth, mean velocity, Darcy-Weisbach friction coeffi cient, shear stress, stream power, and unit stream power of overland fl ow in a sand-glued hydraulic fl ume under a wide range of hydraulic conditions and sediment loads. Slope gradients were varied from 8·7 to 34·2%, unit fl ow rates from 0·66 to 5·26 × 10 −3 m 2 s −1, and sediment loads from 0 to 6·95 kg m. Both Reynolds number (Re) and Froude number (Fr) decreased as sediment load increased, implying a decrease in fl ow turbulence. This inverse relationship should be considered in modeling soil erosion processes. Flow depth increased as sediment load increased with a mean value of 1·227 mm, caused by an increase in volume of sediment-laden fl ow (contribution 62·4%) and a decrease in mean fl ow velocity (contribution 37·6%). The mean fl ow velocity decreased by up to 0·071 m s −1 as sediment load increased. The Darcy-Weisbach friction coeffi cient (f) increased with sediment load, showing that the total energy consumption increased with sediment load. The effects of sediment load on f depended on fl ow discharge: as fl ow discharge increased, the infl uence of sediment load on f decreased due to increased fl ow depth and reduced relative roughness. Flow shear stress and stream power increased with sediment load, on average, by 80·5% and 60·2%, respectively; however, unit stream power decreased by an average of 11·1% as sediment load increased. Further studies are needed to extend and apply the insights obtained under these controlled conditions to real-world overland fl ow conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sediment load on hydraulics of overland flow on steep slopes

Zhang

Shen

Luo

et al. 2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other criterions such as the critical unit stream power P cr [10] and the critical discharge q cr [19] are less commonly used. This study chooses the dimensionless critical stream power  cr , defined as follows:…”

Section: Criterion For Inception Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particle properties known to affect sediment transport include particle size, density, shape, and roughness [19]. Particle shape and roughness add grain resistance to the flow, dissipate flow energy and decrease sediment transport capacity, but these effects are closely related to particle's fall velocity which is a function of density and diameter of sediment particles [9].…”

Section: Selection Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An approach to estimating sediment transport capacity of overland flow

Xingkui

2011

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Estimating sediment transport capacity of overland flow is essential to the development of physically based soil erosion models. Correlation analysis indicates that stream power is a dominant factor for sediment transport in overland flows and a new sediment transport capacity equation is proposed based on dimensional analysis. The coefficients of the new equation are calibrated using the published laboratory data, and rainfall impact is taken into consideration by adding an empirical factor on the dimensionless critical stream power. The new sediment transport capacity equation is a function of stream power, rainfall impacted critical stream power and slope. The new equation is applied in a one-dimensional soil erosion model to simulate field data of a runoff plot and the simulation results are reliable.overland flow, sediment transport capacity, dimensional analysis, rainfall impact, one-dimensional soil erosion model Citation:Li W J, Li D X, Wang X K. An approach to estimating sediment transport capacity of overland flow.

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Nondimensional sediment transport capacity of sand soils and its response to parameter in the Loess Plateau of China

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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Soil erosion is a major contributor to land degradation in the Loess Plateau in China.To clarify the sediment transport capacity of overland flow influenced by hydraulic parameters, such as shear stress, sand shear stress (hydraulic gradient partition method and hydraulic radius partition method), mean flow velocity, Froude number, stream power, and unit stream power, indoor experiments with eight-unit-width flow discharges from 0.0667 × 10 −3 to 0.3333 × 10 −3 m 2 Ás −1 , six slope gradients from 3.49 to 20.79%, and two kinds of sand soils (d 50 = 0.17 and 0.53 mm) were systematically investigated. A nondimensional method was adopted in data processing. Results showed that there was a partition phenomenon of relation curves because of the different median grain diameters. The correlation between the nondimensional stream power and nondimensional sediment transport capacity was the highest, followed by the correlation between the nondimensional unit stream power and nondimensional sediment transport capacity. However, there was a poor correlation between the flow intensity indices of velocity category and nondimensional sediment transport capacity. Nondimensional stream power, nondimensional unit stream power, and nondimensional shear stress could predict sediment transport capacity well. Ignoring the partition phenomenon of the relation curves, stream power could be used to predict sediment transport capacity, with a coefficient of determination of .85. Furthermore, a general flow intensity index was obtained to predict sediment transport capacity of overland flow. Finally, an empirical formula for predicting sediment transport capacity with a coefficient of determination of .90 was established by multiple regression analyses based on the general flow intensity index. During the analysis between measured sediment transport capacities in present study and predicted values based on Zhang model, Mahmoodabadi model, and Wu model, it was found that these three models could not accurately predict sediment transport capacities of this study because different models are estimated on the basis of different experimental conditions. K E Y W O R D Shydrodynamic parameters, Loess Plateau, nondimensional sediment transport capacity, sand soils

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Empirical model for calculating sediment-transport capacity in shallow overland flows: Model development

Cited by 34 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of sediment load on hydraulics of overland flow on steep slopes

Effects of sediment load on hydraulics of overland flow on steep slopes

An approach to estimating sediment transport capacity of overland flow

Nondimensional sediment transport capacity of sand soils and its response to parameter in the Loess Plateau of China

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