Empirical Model for Predicting Rockfall Trajectory Direction

Asteriou, Pavlos; Tsiambaos, G.

doi:10.1007/s00603-015-0798-7

Cited by 63 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As direction difference increases, the deviation becomes positive, which means that the change in direction follows the direction of slope's aspect. These findings are consistent with trends described by Asteriou and Tsiambaos (2016), but the deviation of the actual trajectory is significantly lower. This can be attributed to the different conditions (i.e., block shape, slope material, slope roughness, incident velocity and angle, and scale) between the experimental program conducted by Asteriou and Tsiambaos (2016) and the Ponti rockfall event.…”

Section: Lateral Dispersion and Deviationsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Thus, impact velocity should be greater, which is possible if the launch velocity of the previous impact was higher than the assumed minimum. For the cases where V cor < 1, it is observed that kinematic COR ranges between 0.55 and 1.0 and presents smaller variation compared to the normal or tangential coefficient of restitution, similar to what was previously reported in the relevant literature (i.e., Asteriou et al, 2012;Asteriou and Tsiambaos, 2016).…”

Section: Coefficients Of Restitutionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Specifically, the origin of the rock block is located practically on the ridgeline, facilitating the deviation of the rockfall trajectory from the slope line. Asteriou and Tsiambaos (2016) defined deviation (e) as the dihedral angle between the pre-and post-impact planes that contain the trajectory. They found that deviation is controlled by the direction difference ϕ, the slope inclination and the shape of the block.…”

Section: Lateral Dispersion and Deviationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

UAV-based mapping, back analysis and trajectory modeling of a coseismic rockfall in Lefkada island, Greece

Saroglou

Asteriou

Zekkos

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. We present field evidence and a kinematic study of a rock block mobilized in the Ponti area by a M w = 6.5 earthquake near the island of Lefkada on 17 November 2015. A detailed survey was conducted using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with an ultrahigh definition (UHD) camera, which produced a high-resolution orthophoto and a digital terrain model (DTM). The sequence of impact marks from the rock trajectory on the ground surface was identified from the orthophoto and field verified. Earthquake characteristics were used to estimate the acceleration of the rock slope and the initial condition of the detached block. Using the impact points from the measured rockfall trajectory, an analytical reconstruction of the trajectory was undertaken, which led to insights on the coefficients of restitution (CORs). The measured trajectory was compared with modeled rockfall trajectories using recommended parameters. However, the actual trajectory could not be accurately predicted, revealing limitations of existing rockfall analysis software used in engineering practice.

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Section: Lateral Dispersion and Deviationsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Coefficients Of Restitutionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Lateral Dispersion and Deviationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UAV-based mapping, back analysis and trajectory modeling of a coseismic rockfall in Lefkada island, Greece

Saroglou

Asteriou

Zekkos

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A large number of tests have shown that spherical falling blocks have higher and more consistent COR values than cubic blocks (Asteriou and Tsiambaos, 2016), and so that the same control methods will have greater difficulty in containing their effects than those of non-spherical blocks with the same properties. This indicates that spherical rocks are a common hazard and that if a cushion is designed to resist these, it can also effectively resist non-spherical rocks.…”

Section: Experimental Materials and Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparative analysis of road accidents in the Aosta Valley was then undertaken to verify the methodology. Asteriou and Tsiambaos (2016) examined the effects of rock shape by performing tests with spherical and cubic blocks, finding that spherical blocks show higher and more consistent coefficient of restitution (COR) values than cubic blocks. Prina Howald et al (2017) evaluated the protective capacity of existing and newly proposed protection measures and considered the possible reclassification of hazard as a function of the mitigation role played by the measure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of gravel cushion particle size and thickness on the coefficient of restitution in rockfall impacts

Zhu

Wang

Xia

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Gravel cushions are widely used to absorb the impact energy of falling rocks in open-pit mines. A particularly important application is to enhance the energy-absorbing capacity of rockfall sheds. In this paper, we study how varying the thickness and particle size of a gravel cushion influences its energy-consumption and buffering effects. We performed a series of laboratory drop tests by dropping blocks from a fixed height onto cushions of different thicknesses and particle sizes. The results indicate that, for a given impact energy, the cushion thickness has a strong influence on the measured coefficient of restitution (COR) and therefore impact pressure. Additional tests were performed to study how the radius of the block and the height it is dropped from affect the measured COR. This showed that as the movement height of the block is increased the COR also increases, and blocks with larger radii exhibit a larger variability in measured COR. Finally, we investigated the influence of rockfall block radius, r, movement height, H , cushion thickness, h, and particle size, d, on the COR and the damage depth, L, of the cushion. The test results reveal that the cushion thickness is the primary design parameter, controlling not only COR, but also the stability of the cushion material. The results provide a theoretical and practical basis for the design of gravel cushions for rockfall protection.

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Impact failure and disaster processes associated with rockfalls based on three‐dimensional discontinuous deformation analysis

Liu,

Zhong,

et al. 2024

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Rockfalls, a common geohazard in mountainous areas, have destructive impact capacity and may cause failure of dangerous rock masses in their runout range. For slope risk assessment, a thorough understanding of the impact failure processes and dynamic characteristics associated with rockfall movements is necessary. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of rockfall failure behaviours and disaster processes on the dangerous rock mass along the way through three‐dimensional discontinuous deformation analysis (3D DDA). To validate the reliability and applicability of 3D DDA, numerous laboratory experiments are performed on the impact of downward moving blocks on the unstable block and block system (i.e. single block–single block, single block–block system and block column–block system models) by comparing the displacements, kinetic energies and movement states of blocks. Using the G318 national road in Tibet as an example, 3D DDA simulates the impact and disaster processes associated with upper rockfalls sourced from a complete giant block and multiple discrete blocks on lower dangerous rock mass. Further, rockfall failure modes, movement characteristics, block interactions and impact phenomena are investigated. Results show that 3D DDA can effectively simulate block movement and impact interaction. The upper rockfalls impact the initially stable lower dangerous rock mass, which is the triggering factor for failure of the lower dangerous rock mass. The blocks from the upper rockfalls interact and merge to move downward, increasing the total volume and impact capacity of the rockfalls. It has been discovered that the rockfall disaster caused by the impact of an upper rockfall comprising discrete blocks on a lower dangerous rock mass is more severe than that resulting from the impact of a complete block. Overall, the results of this research can be used to help predict and prevent rockfall disasters.

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Empirical Model for Predicting Rockfall Trajectory Direction

Cited by 63 publications

References 18 publications

UAV-based mapping, back analysis and trajectory modeling of a coseismic rockfall in Lefkada island, Greece

UAV-based mapping, back analysis and trajectory modeling of a coseismic rockfall in Lefkada island, Greece

The effects of gravel cushion particle size and thickness on the coefficient of restitution in rockfall impacts

Impact failure and disaster processes associated with rockfalls based on three‐dimensional discontinuous deformation analysis

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