Empirically Based Mean Effect Size Distributions for Universal Prevention Programs Targeting School-Aged Youth: A Review of Meta-Analyses

Tanner‐Smith, Emily E.; Durlak, Joseph A.; Marx, Robert

doi:10.1007/s11121-018-0942-1

Cited by 104 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In general, results suggest these CBT Tech interventions are efficacious at reducing alcohol use when delivered as a stand‐alone treatment or when tested as an addition to usual care. The overall magnitude of pooled effects was small as defined by Cohen (), but these benchmarks should be considered only in the absence of an empirically derived distribution of effect sizes for a given population (Tanner‐Smith et al., ). The largest pooled effects found here ( g = 0.3) were produced from studies that evaluated CBT Tech interventions as an add‐on to TAU compared to TAU only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology‐Delivered Cognitive‐Behavioral Interventions for Alcohol Use: A Meta‐Analysis

Kiluk

Ray

Walthers

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has long-standing evidence for efficacy in the treatment of alcohol use, yet implementation in clinical practice has been challenging. Delivery of CBT through technology-based platforms, such as web-based programs and mobile applications, has the potential to provide widespread access to this evidence-based intervention. While there have been reviews indicating the efficacy of technology-based delivery of CBT for various psychiatric conditions, none have focused on efficacy for alcohol use. The current meta-analysis was conducted to fill this research gap.Methods: Descriptive data were used to characterize the nature of the literature on technology-delivered, CBT-based interventions for alcohol use ("CBT Tech"). Inverse-variance-weighted effect sizes were calculated, and random effects, effect sizes were pooled in 4 subgroups.Results: Fifteen published trials conducted primarily with at-risk or heavy drinkers were identified. Of these studies, 60% explicitly targeted alcohol use moderation. The content of CBT Tech programs varied, ranging from 4 to 62 sessions/exercises, with many programs combining elements of motivational interviewing (47%). With respect to efficacy, CBT Tech as a stand-alone treatment in contrast to a minimal treatment control showed a positive and statistically significant, albeit small effect (g = 0.20: 95% CI = 0.22, 0.38, k es = 5). When CBT Tech was compared to treatment as usual (TAU), effects were nonsignificant. However, when CBT Tech was tested as an addition to TAU, in contrast to TAU only, the effect size was positive, significant (g = 0.30: 95% CI = 0.10, 0.50, k es = 7), and stable over 12-month follow-up. Only 2 studies compared CBT Tech to in-person CBT, and this pooled effect size did not suggest superior efficacy.Conclusions: These results show a benefit for technology-delivered, CBT-based interventions as a stand-alone therapy for heavy drinking or as an addition to usual care in specialty substance use settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology‐Delivered Cognitive‐Behavioral Interventions for Alcohol Use: A Meta‐Analysis

Kiluk

Ray

Walthers

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…The effect size is a robust estimator to analyze intervention effects at an individual level, but it is not the best indicator to analyze the social impact of universal interventions (Greenberg & Abenavoli, 2017). A recent review of meta-analyses concludes that Cohen's d effect size is not appropriate for interpreting the magnitude of effects of universal prevention programs aimed at school-age youth (Tanner-Smith et al, 2018). Universal prevention programs are aimed at populations that may not have any symptoms or high levels of risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According with Tanner-Smith et al (2018), effects sizes of universal programs with youth are especially low when they are specifically aimed at preventing substance use (P25 = 0.05, median = 0.07, P75 = 0.11) or alcohol use (P25 = 0.05, median = 0.10, P75 = 0.15). Considering these distributions of effects, Mantente REAL shows relatively high effects sizes on alcohol outcomes, above the values associated with the 75th percentile for programs with these characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The program combines the acquisition of the REAL strategies with other personal and social skills that play an essential role in the psychological adjustment and psychosocial development of adolescents (e.g., communication, assertiveness, risk assessment, and problem solving skills) (Sancassiani et al, 2015). Learning these skills has a special relevance in adolescence since this constitutes a critical stage in psychosocial development, especially in terms of susceptibility to social influence (Steinberg, 2017). In order to reinforce learning and facilitate the incorporation of these strategies in the behavioral repertoire, the skills training of Mantente REAL are drawn from the adolescents' context, the skills are based on the youths' communication and decision-making processes.…”

Section: Mantente Real As An Effective Prevention Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of the Mantente REAL Program for Preventing Alcohol Use in Spanish Adolescents

Cutrín

Kulis

Maneiro

et al. 2021

Psychosocial Intervention

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Mantente REAL is a school-based universal program to prevent drug use and other problematic behaviors specifically designed to be implemented in schools at the beginning of adolescence. This program, which is a culturally adapted version of the Keepin' it REAL intervention, focuses on skills training for resisting social pressure to use drugs and improving psychosocial development. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Mantente REAL on alcohol use in the Spanish context. The sample was composed of 755 adolescents from 12 state secondary schools in Spain, aged 11 to 15 (M = 12.24, SD = 0.56), 47.1% females. The 12 schools were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups, six to each condition. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires data were collected to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. The results indicated that a culturally adapted version of Mantente REAL was effective in preventing alcohol use among youth from northern and southern Spain. Students participating in the program demonstrated changes in the desired direction on alcohol frequency and intoxication episodes. Implications of these results regarding intervention programs aimed at preventing substance use in adolescence are discussed.

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“…Fortunately, many evidence-based substance use prevention programs exist. A review of evidencebased interventions for preventing substance use and abuse among youth highlights numerous exemplary prevention programs that can be implemented at the individual, group, family, school or community level (Griffin & Botvin, 2010;Knight et al, 2019;Shelton, 2005;Tanner-Smith, Durlak, & Marx, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance use prevention services in juvenile justice and behavioral health: results from a national survey

Funk¹,

Knudsen²,

McReynolds³

et al. 2020

Health Justice

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Background: This study examined the national availability of substance use prevention (SUP) within juvenile justice (JJ) and their primary behavioral health (BH) providers, and the relationships between the availability of SUP and agency-level measures of organizational structure, staffing, and youth characteristics. A three-stage national probability sampling process was used to select participants for a national survey that included, among other facets of community supervision (CS) and BH practices, questions on agency characteristics, youth characteristics, whether the agency/provider directly provided SUP services, and whether the agency/provider directly provided substance use and/or mental health treatment. This paper focuses on SUP services along with agency/provider and youth characteristics related to providing SUP. Results: The response rate for both CS agencies (n = 195) and BH providers (n = 271) was 96%. Complex samples logistic regression initially examined univariate associations of each variable and identified candidates for a final multivariate model. Overall, only one-third of CS and BH providers reported offering SUP services, with BH providers being significantly more likely than CS agencies to provide SUP services. In addition, likelihood of SUP was significantly lower among agencies where the substance use distribution of the caseload was below the median. Controlling for master's level staff and the substance use distribution, CS agencies were about 67% less likely to offer SUP when compared to BH providers. Conclusions: Given the high rates of substance use among justice-involved youth and that substance use is an established risk for several negative behaviors, outcomes, and health conditions, these findings suggest that evidence-based prevention services should likely be expanded in justice settings, and perhaps included as part of CS programs, even when youth do not initially present with SU service needs.

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Empirically Based Mean Effect Size Distributions for Universal Prevention Programs Targeting School-Aged Youth: A Review of Meta-Analyses

Cited by 104 publications

References 22 publications

Technology‐Delivered Cognitive‐Behavioral Interventions for Alcohol Use: A Meta‐Analysis

Technology‐Delivered Cognitive‐Behavioral Interventions for Alcohol Use: A Meta‐Analysis

Effectiveness of the Mantente REAL Program for Preventing Alcohol Use in Spanish Adolescents

Substance use prevention services in juvenile justice and behavioral health: results from a national survey

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