Empirically Based Path Loss and Penetration Loss Models for UWB Communication in Residential Environment

Abstract

This paper contains measured data and empirical models for 3.1-10.6-GHz radio propagation path loss and aggregate penetration loss (APL) in residential areas for UWB applications. A frequency domain based experiment is performed for line-of-sight (LOS) and obstruction propagation conditions. The double ridge horn antenna and the biconical antenna are used to investigate the dependence of the antenna directivity on the UWB path loss. While the penetration loss is modeled under the directional propagation scheme. The characterization of the path loss exponent, n, and the APL are investigated. Therefore, the propagation prediction models are developed to understand the phenomenon of the futuristic indoor residential communication systems for home wireless networking.

Measurement-Based Evaluation of Spectral Efficiencies in Outdoor-Indoor Multiuser MISO Systems in Femto-Cells

“…We describe this in further detail in the next section. We found that the outdoor-to-indoor pathloss statistics can be modeled quite accurately by adding a "penetration loss" to the corresponding outdoor-to-outdoor path-loss, as reported in [31].…”

Indoor office wideband penetration loss measurements at 73 GHz

“…Measurements in a second office building [5]- [7] indicated the same trend, with 12.9 dB attenuation loss through one floor, 18.7 dB loss through two floors, and 24.4 dB and 27.0 dB loss through three and four floors, respectively, which indicated a monotonic but nonlinear increase in attenuation that tapered off as the number of floors increased. Similar to the FAF model, other models use a combination of the mean large-scale path loss in a line-of-sight (LOS) outdoor environment and an aggregate penetration loss (APL) factor that accounts for exterior wall penetration for an outdoor-to-indoor scenario [11], [29].…”