Emplacement of pillow lavas from the ~2.8Ga Chitradurga Greenstone Belt, South India: A physical volcanological, morphometric and geochemical perspective

Duraiswami, Raymond A.; Inamdar, Mustaqueem M.; Shaikh, Tahira N.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.08.002

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Metabasalts including pillow lava is present within the Hiriyur Group in the northern part of the CSB and our study area also. These pillow lavas are chemically similar to be emplaced in shallow marine marginal inter/back-arc basin settings (Duraiswami et al, 2013). We interpret that the Hiriyur Group was formed as a comparatively younger failed rift and thrust upon to existing crustal mass during the final shortening process (Figs.…”

Section: Depositional Environment Of Csbmentioning

confidence: 67%

Structural architecture and geological relationships in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt, Dharwar craton, South India

Sreehari

Toyoshima

2020

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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Detailed structural mapping in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt (3.0-2.5 Ga) (CSB) distributed around the Chikkanayakanahalli-Kibbanahalli area was carried out. Sargur Group, Basement Gneiss, Bababudan Group, Chitradurga Group, and Hiriyur Group of rocks are well preserved in the investigated area. Unconformable relation between Basement Gneiss-Sargur Group and Bababudan Group is defined by oligomict conglomerate with quartzite clast and occasionally preserve granite clast. A polymictic conglomerate separates Bababudan and Chitradurga Groups; similarly, Chitradurga and Hiriyur Groups are also separated by a polymictic conglomerate. A new zone, Akkanahalli Zone, in the eastern margin of the study area is proposed which is belonging to Sargur Group. Zircon grains in the metatuff sample from this zone provide an age of 3313 ± 6 Ma. Six stages of deformation events are recognized in the study area. General trend and megascopic structures in the mapped area have resulted from the earlier two stages of deformations (D 2 and D 3). The D 2 stage structure is distinctly characterized by a fold-and-thrust belt consisting of a NNW-SSE trending fold zone sandwiched between a pair of NNW-SSE trending thrust faults dipping east. Deformation during the D 3 stage resulted in regional-scale sinistral shear zones, such as N-S striking Gadag-Mandya Shear Zone, and narrow N-S and NW trending sinistral 'echelon' shear zones. Based on our structural and field relationship it is proposed that CSB developed in an immature or failed rift setting where shallow marine sequence and shelf deposits are predominant. Sediments and volcanic rocks were unconformably deposited horizontally above Basement Gneiss and later got deformed together in a sinistral transpression setting.

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Section: Depositional Environment Of Csbmentioning

confidence: 67%

Structural architecture and geological relationships in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt, Dharwar craton, South India

Sreehari

Toyoshima

2020

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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“…Most proto pillows studied from the Kunikenahalli section are characterized by smooth surfaces and are devoid of vesicles. We prefer to call these proto pillows as their distinctive internal structure is not as well developed as in basaltic pillows from the younger greenstone belts in southern India (Duraiswami et al 2013). Small elongated, smooth-surfaced, proto pillows occur in clusters in a manner suggesting that they emanated from the top of a mound ( Figure 5(h)).…”

Section: Physical Volcanology Of the Banasandra Komatiitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical volcanology and geochemistry of Palaeoarchaean komatiite lava flows from the western Dharwar craton, southern India: implications for Archaean mantle evolution and crustal growth

Jayananda

Duraiswami

Aadhiseshan

et al. 2016

International Geology Review

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Palaeoarchaean (3.38-3.35 Ga) komatiites from the Jayachamaraja Pura (J.C. Pura) and Banasandra greenstone belts of the western Dharwar craton, southern India were erupted as submarine lava flows. These high-temperature (1450-1550°C), low-viscosity lavas produced thick, massive, polygonal jointed sheet flows with sporadic flow top breccias. Thick olivine cumulate zones within differentiated komatiites suggest channel/conduit facies. Compound, undifferentiated flow fields developed marginal-lobate thin flows with several spinifex-textured lobes. Individual lobes experienced two distinct vesiculation episodes and grew by inflation. Occasionally komatiite flows form pillows and quench fragmented hyaloclastites. J.C. Pura komatiite lavas represent massive coherent facies with minor channel facies, whilst the Bansandra komatiites correspond to compound flow fields interspersed with pillow facies. The komatiites are metamorphosed to greenschist facies and consist of serpentine-talc ± carbonate, actinolite-tremolite with remnants of primary olivine, chromite, and pyroxene. The majority of the studied samples are komatiites (22.46-42.41 wt.% MgO) whilst a few are komatiitic basalts (12.94-16.18 wt.% MgO) extending into basaltic (7.71 -10.80 wt.% MgO) composition. The studied komatiites are Al-depleted Barberton type whilst komatiite basalts belong to the Al-undepleted Munro type. Trace element data suggest variable fractionation of garnet, olivine, pyroxene, and chromite. Incompatible element ratios (Nb/Th, Nb/U, Zr/Y Nb/Y) show that the komatiites were derived from heterogeneous sources ranging from depleted to primitive mantle. CaO/Al 2 O 3 and (Gd/Yb) N ratios show that the Al-depleted komatiite magmas were generated at great depth (350-400 km) by 40-50% partial melting of deep mantle with or without garnet (majorite?) in residue whilst komatiite basalts and basalts were generated at shallow depth in an ascending plume. The widespread Palaeoarchaean deep depleted mantle-derived komatiite volcanism and sub-contemporaneous TTG accretion implies a major earlier episode of mantle differentiation and crustal growth during ca. 3.6-3.8 Ga.ARTICLE HISTORY

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Subaqueous Flood Basalt Volcanism, Volcanosedimentary Associations, and Lava-Sediment Interaction

Sheth

2017

A Photographic Atlas of Flood Basalt Volcanism

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Emplacement of pillow lavas from the ~2.8Ga Chitradurga Greenstone Belt, South India: A physical volcanological, morphometric and geochemical perspective

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Structural architecture and geological relationships in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt, Dharwar craton, South India

Structural architecture and geological relationships in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt, Dharwar craton, South India

Physical volcanology and geochemistry of Palaeoarchaean komatiite lava flows from the western Dharwar craton, southern India: implications for Archaean mantle evolution and crustal growth

Subaqueous Flood Basalt Volcanism, Volcanosedimentary Associations, and Lava-Sediment Interaction

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