Emplacement of sandstone intrusions during contractional tectonics

Palladino, Giuseppe; Grippa, Antonio; Bureau, D.; Alsop, G. Ian; Hurst, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2016.06.010

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Finally, caution should be exercised as clastic dykes can inject during regional contraction, and thereby potentially cut folds related to HRD (e.g. Palladino et al, 2016).…”

Section: Folds and Fabrics Are Cut By Clastic Dykesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying soft-sediment deformation in rocks

Alsop

Weinberger

Marco

et al. 2019

Journal of Structural Geology

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The correct identification of 'sedimentary' folds and fabrics created during gravity-driven deformation of unlithified successions from those 'tectonic' structures formed during regional deformation is essential when interpreting geological histories preserved within the rock record. This topic has become increasingly relevant over the past 40 years as improved seismic resolution and coverage have led to the realisation that significant portions of unlithified sediments along the continental margins undergo gravity-driven deformation to create mass transport deposits (MTD's). The late-Pleistocene Lisan Formation, exposed in the Dead Sea Basin, was chosen as a case study because it remains poorly lithified, and structures developed within it are unequivocally related to 'soft-sediment' deformation (SSD) created when the succession underwent downslope-directed movement. This work tests various assertions previously used to deduce if structures were formed in unlithified sediments or during 'hardrock' deformation (HRD) associated with subsequent tectonism. Within the Lisan Formation, we describe veins developed along fractures, and cleavage forming axial-planar to folds, that are structures previously assumed to be restricted to HRD. In addition, truncated folds, incorporation of deformed fragile fragments into overlying sediment, and cross-cutting clastic dykes are all indicative of SSD. The key diagnostic feature in establishing SSD is the sedimentary infill of irregular erosive surfaces that truncate underlying structures. Although compaction and diagenesis have not played a significant role in the case study, caution should be exercised when examining structures preserved in the rock record as folds and fabrics originally created by SSD may be considerably enhanced and altered where significant overburden exists.

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“…Finally, caution should be exercised as clastic dykes can inject during regional contraction, and thereby potentially cut folds related to HRD (e.g. Palladino et al, 2016).…”

Section: Folds and Fabrics Are Cut By Clastic Dykesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Care should be taken as clastic dykes intruded within contractional settings may themselves be folded by tectonics rather than compaction (e.g. Palladino et al, 2016). Within the case study, vertical clastic dykes that cross-cut the MTDs preserve their original injection fabrics (e.g.…”

Section: Deformation Of Vertical Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying soft-sediment deformation in rocks

Alsop

Weinberger

Marco

et al. 2019

Journal of Structural Geology

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“…Sandstone intrusions have been extensively studied with a long history of field-based research focused on meter-scale intrusive bodies (e.g. Diller, 1890;Jenkins, 1930;Peterson, 1966;Boehm and Moore, 2002;Huuse et al, 2005a;Hubbard et al, 2007;Vétel and Cartwright, 2010;Hurst et al, 2011;Moreau et al, 2012;Scott et al, 2013;Palladino et al, 2016Palladino et al, , 2018; among many others).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced folding and fracturing induced by differential compaction during post-depositional inflation of sandbodies: Insights from numerical modelling

Meng

Hodgetts

2020

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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Three series of numerical models based on the discrete element method were constructed to simulate forced folding and fracturing triggered by postdepositional inflation of fludised sandbody. The models consist of numerous particles that have relatively low to high interparticle bonds to represent overburden sediments with a relatively low to high cohesion, and cohesionless, frictionless particles to represent fluidised sands. The modelling results show that normal faults were produced due to the upward inflation of sand domes and the resulting flexed overburden,

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“…Such migration of fluid and sediment is shown by intrusions in the form of clastic injections (Peterson 1968;Hiscott 1979), even in areas undergoing contractional deformation (e.g. Palladino et al 2016). Indication of such process in the studied sucession are the upwards injection of debrite into the mudstones as dykes and diapirlike features (Fig.…”

Section: Liquidizationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Sub-seismic scale folding and thrusting within an exposed mass transport deposit: A case study from NW Argentina

Sobiesiak

Alsop

Kneller

et al. 2017

Journal of Structural Geology

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While imaging of mass transport deposits (MTDs) by seismic reflection techniques commonly reveals thrusts and large blocks that affect entire deposits, associated systems of folds are generally less apparent as they are typically below the limits of seismic resolution. However, such sub-seismic scale structures are important as they permit the direction of emplacement, gross kinematics and internal strain within MTDs to be determined. Here we present a rigorous description of two outcropscale MTDs exposed in La Peña gorge, northwestern Argentina. These Carboniferous MTDs enable us to illustrate structural changes from a compressional domain, marked by sets of imbricated sandstone layers, into an extensional domain, characterized by sheared blocks of sandstone embedded in a finer matrix. Folds may be progressively modified during slump translation, resulting in asymmetric folds, which undergo subsequent deformation leading to sheared fold limbs together with detached and rotated fold hinges. In order to constrain transport directions within the MTDs, we measured fold hinges, mud clast alignment, and thrust planes as kinematic indicators. We propose emplacement models for both MTDs based on the overall deformational behaviour of sandstone beds Sobiesiak_et_al_ JSG_manuscript Click here to view linked References during translation. The first model is based on the internal geometries and structures of a faultdominated MTD, and the second model is based on layer-normal shearing in a fold-dominated MTD.

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Emplacement of sandstone intrusions during contractional tectonics

Cited by 31 publications

References 56 publications

Identifying soft-sediment deformation in rocks

Identifying soft-sediment deformation in rocks

Forced folding and fracturing induced by differential compaction during post-depositional inflation of sandbodies: Insights from numerical modelling

Sub-seismic scale folding and thrusting within an exposed mass transport deposit: A case study from NW Argentina

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