In France, the development of employee shareholding is due to a real awareness and a genuine political commitment from the government De Gaulle who initiated the sharing and incentive. France offers, in addition, an incentive legislative framework for the development of employee ownership. Indeed, the law Macron (2015) reduces substantially the conditions for grants and taxation of employee shareholding. To this end, the rate of employer contribution was reduced from 30 to 20% and employee contribution of 20% is removed.Our work suggests a new framework for analyzing the effects of employee share ownership. Indeed, empirical work on employee ownership have invested two main directions. The first became interested in the effects induced by the Employee Ownership on business performance and the second explored the behavioral and attitudinal effects of the property. By introducing trust as a control variable to limit uncertainty and distrust of funds lenders, we propose to study the influence of employee participation in capital lenders interest rates Elouadi (2014).According to Charreaux and Desbrières (1998), the opportunity cost of money lenders is the minimum price required to undertake the transaction. Based on this definition, we can consider the opportunity cost lenders as the minimum rate of return required by the market. The opportunity cost then depends on the level of risk to lenders of funds. The higher it is more important to be the minimum required return. Our research complements and enriches our previous work on the effects induced by property on organizational attitudes including satisfaction with work and the intention to leave Elouadi (2016) and Elouadi (2015).
I. Theoretical Framework : Employee Ownership And The Opportunity Cost LendersTrust is the most cost effective solution for shareholders and other stakeholders. It leads to the decline of the control mechanisms set up by the partners. Employee shareholding, for the trust he returns to the market, allows the relaxation of control requirements demanded by corporate partners such credit institutions.The survey by Ipsos Opinion conducted in June (1999) with a sample of employees, analyzes the motivations and would encourage employees to become shareholders in their company. The results reveal that 91% of employees say they have chosen employee shareholders for the confidence they have shown in the growth of their businesses. Also, the survey conducted by the (COB Altédia 1999), covering about 150 companies reveals that 72% of companies believe that employee ownership is a positive sign given to financial communication. Indeed, an employee shareholding policy, expressing mutual trust of employees and leaders in the future of their company, can raise the confidence of financial partners. This reduction of formal protection mechanisms results in a lower required rate. By (Rousseau and al 1993. Zucker 1986), confidence can be a substitute for the monitoring and governance mechanisms to control transactions. As such, Diamonds (1989) explains that...