“…An additional issue identified by Hana and Lucie (2015) is that employees do not usually actively look for development, but rather expect their organizations to provide TD opportunities for them. However, although employees assumed that the organization would initiate the developmental activities, fewer than half of the organizations under study had (Juhdi et al, 2015) Young and senior executive and non-executive programs (Festing et al, 2015) Collaboration with external source of knowledge such as universities, trade associations and consulting companies, company's own T&D programs (Chadee and Raman, 2012;Burbach and Royle, 2010;Sparrow et al, 2013;Cho and McLean, 2009;Valverde et al, 2013Festing et al, 2013Tansley and Tietze, 2013;Wang-Cowham, 2011;Hartmann et al, 2010;Hall-Ellis and Grealy, 2013) On-the-job, off-the-job, and external training (Zheng, 2009;Wang-Cowham, 2011;Hall-Ellis and Grealy, 2013); Expertise and talent training (Cho andMcLean, 2009, Lehman, 2009;Tansley and Tietze, 2013) Individualized training (Valverde et al, 2013;Lehman, 2009;Hall-Ellis and Grealy, 2013;Oppong and Gold, 2016;Thunnissen, 2016) Personalized credibility training such as awareness and liaison training (Gold et al, 2016) Leadership and management training (Gold et al, 2016;Macfarlane et al, 2012;Maxwell and Maclean, 2008;Thunnissen, 2016) Individual-level OD Job design: transfers, downward and upward movements job enlargement, enrichment, job rotation (Juhdi et al, 2015;Lehmann, 2009;Macfarlane et al, 2012;Hall-Ellis...…”