Employment patterns of long‐term cancer survivors

Bradley, Cathy J.; Bednarek, Heather L.

doi:10.1002/pon.544

Cited by 189 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Cancer in childhood or during adolescent years may, for instance, reduce the chances of getting a higher education [24,25], with long-term implications for marriage opportunities. Cancer illness may also interfere with work capability and income opportunities [26,27], and a lower income is, in turn, likely to reduce the chances of marriage, especially for men. In principle, any effects of women's earnings depend on whether it is specialization [28] or pooling of resources [29,30] that is most important for relationships.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does cancer affect marriage rates?

Syse

2008

J Cancer Surviv

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Introduction Finding a life partner is of great importance for persons' life satisfaction, but cancer's potential impact on family life is not well described. Cancer's impact on marriage formation rates was therefore explored. Method Data on the entire unmarried Norwegian population aged 17-44 in 1974-2001 (N=2.2 million) come from the Cancer Registry and the Central Population Register. Marriage rates for 12,100 persons diagnosed with cancer were compared to marriage rates for otherwise similar persons using discrete-time hazard regression models. Results Men with cancer had a marriage probability that was five percent higher (OR 1.05, CI 1.01-1.11) than cancer-free men. No cancer forms reduced men's marriage rates, and significantly elevated rates were seen after skin and testicular cancer (OR 1.16 and 1.11). Cancer did not impact significantly on women's overall marriage rate (OR 0.95, CI 0.90-1.00), but pronounced deficiencies were seen after brain and breast cancer (OR 0.62 and 0.74). Skin cancer elevated women's marriage rate (OR 1.27). Male cancer survivors with children were more likely to marry than their female counterparts. Significant increases in cancer survivors' marriage rates were observed over time. Conclusion Marrying after cancer is more common today than previously, and only slight overall differences were observed in cancer survivors' marriage rates relative to those of the cancer-free population. However, while brain and breast cancer in women is associated with reduced marriage rates, testicular cancer is associated with increased rates. The differences observed between common cancer forms in young adults deserve further exploration. Implications for cancer survivors In general, marriage rates in survivors of most types of cancer are very similar to those in the population as a whole. Women with brain and breast cancer have lower marriage rates than their cancerfree counterparts. While it is necessary to identify exactly why this was observed, the information can alert those with these cancers to the potential impact on marriage and thus work to reduce the possible effect, if desired.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does cancer affect marriage rates?

Syse

2008

J Cancer Surviv

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“…There have been relatively few attempts to measure the increase in disability attributable to cancer in the years following initial treatment (Hewitt et al, 2003;Short et al, 2005;Bradley and Bednarek, 2002;Chirikos et al, 2002b;Yabroff et al, 2004). From the first round of interviews with our survivor cohort, we reported that approximately 20% of those working at diagnosis reported disabilities that they perceived as cancer-related 1 to 5 years later (Short et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work disability associated with cancer survivorship and other chronic conditions

2007

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SummaryThe long-term effects of cancer and its treatment on employment and productivity are a major concern for the 40% of cancer survivors in the U.S. who are working age. This study's objectives were (1) to quantify the increase in work disability attributable to cancer in a cohort of adult survivors who were an average of 46 months post-diagnosis and (2) to compare disability rates in cancer survivors to individuals with other chronic conditions. Data from the Penn State Cancer Survivor Study (PSCSS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) were compared. The PSCSS sample included 647 survivors age 55-65, diagnosed at four medical centers in Pennsylvania and Maryland. There were 5988 similarly aged subjects without cancer in the HRS. Adjusted odds ratios for work disability were estimated for cancer survivorship, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, lung disease, and arthritis/rheumatism with multivariate logistic regression. Even for cancer-free survivors, the disability rate was significantly higher in comparison to adults with no chronic conditions (female OR=1.94; male OR=1.89). There were few significant differences between disability rates for cancer and other conditions. The elevated disability rate is another argument for viewing cancer survivorship as a chronic condition potentially requiring a broad range of psychosocial services.

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“…Many studies have assessed the employment status of cancer survivors (Maunsell et al, 2004;Yabroff et al, 2004;Bednarek and Bradley, 2005;Bradley et al, 2005;Drolet et al, 2005;Short et al, 2005;Bouknight et al, 2006), but only four of them included comparison groups (Maunsell et al, 2004;Yabroff et al, 2004;Bradley et al, 2005;Drolet et al, 2005), which are crucial to detecting cancer-specific effects. Furthermore, the majority of studies focused on breast (Maunsell et al 2004;Drolet et al, 2005;Bouknight et al, 2006) or heterogeneous types of cancer (Bradley and Bednarek, 2002a;Yabroff et al, 2004;Bednarek and Bradley, 2005;Short et al, 2005) and did not consider the survivors' ability to do housework. Little is known about the employment status and work-related difficulties associated with stomach cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Employment status and work-related difficulties in stomach cancer survivors compared with the general population

Lee

Bae

et al. 2008

Br J Cancer

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Little was known about work situation and work-related difficulties, including housework after stomach cancer diagnosis. We aimed to compare employment status and work-related difficulties between stomach cancer survivors and the general population. We enrolled 408 stomach cancer survivors from two hospitals 28 months after diagnosis and 994 representative volunteers from the general population from 15 geographic districts. Working was defined as being employed (including self-employed) and nonworking as being retired or a homemaker. Nonworking was significantly higher among stomach cancer survivors (46.6%) than in the general population (36.5%). Compared with the general population, the survivors had more fatigue in performing both housework (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) ¼ 2.08; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) ¼ 1.01 -4.29) and gainful work (aOR ¼ 4.02; 2.55 -6.33). More cancer survivors had reduced working hours (aOR ¼ 1.42; 95% CI ¼ 4.60 -28.35) and reduced work-related ability (aOR ¼ 6.11; 95% CI ¼ 3.64 -10.27) than did the general population. The association of nonworking with older age and being female was significantly more positive for survivors than for the general population. Among survivors, poorer Eastern Cooperation Oncology Group Performance Status and receiving total gastrectomy were positively associated with nonworking. Stomach cancer survivors experienced more difficulties in both housework and gainful employment than did the general population. Our findings on stomach cancer survivors' work-related difficulties and the predictors of nonworking will help physicians guide patients towards more realistic postsurgical employment plans.

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Employment patterns of long‐term cancer survivors

Cited by 189 publications

References 13 publications

Does cancer affect marriage rates?

Does cancer affect marriage rates?

Work disability associated with cancer survivorship and other chronic conditions

Employment status and work-related difficulties in stomach cancer survivors compared with the general population

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