“…However, most researchers from Anglo-cluster countries, and from those with a similar cultural value dimension pattern, take a universal approach to the benefits of empowerment, arguing that empowering employees inevitably leads to various types of individual, group and organizational improvements. Benefits at the employee level are said to be improvements in various attitudes and behaviors, including job satisfaction (Kele et al , 2017; Kim et al , 2018), engagement (Albrecht and Andreetta, 2011), thriving at work (Li et al ., 2016), and organizational citizenship behaviors with outcomes such as increased productivity (Mohsin and Kumar, 2010) and creativity and innovation (Amundsen and Martinsen, 2015). Benefits at the group level entail team attitudes such as proactiveness and participation (Zhang and Begley, 2011), cohesion and outcomes of efficacy, and innovation and creativity (Amundsen and Martinsen, 2014, 2015).…”