Emulation of dual-conjugate adaptive optics on an 8-m class telescope

Knutsson, Per; Owner-Petersen, Mette

doi:10.1364/oe.11.002231

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…1, 2 A number of scientific 3,4 , medical 5,6 , and industrial 2,5,7 applications of adaptive optics (AO) being developed at present require relatively inexpensive, reliable, high-quality, e.g. with many degrees of freedom and simple in operation wave-front correctors 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with many degrees of freedom and simple in operation wave-front correctors 8 . In some cases DMs may include hundreds or even thousands of actuation channels, that are becoming quite common nowadays especially in astronomical AO systems 1,2,4,[9][10][11][12] . Typically, each DM channel is driven by an individual electronic control unit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, each DM channel is driven by an individual electronic control unit. In the case of piezoelectric actuators, high-voltage amplifiers with the output voltage ranging from In the case of high-order AO systems, the number of actuation channels may exceed 10 3 -10 4 , resulting in significant amount of electronics and complex multi-wire connection for a high-order DM. All this makes the whole AO system rather bulky, vulnerable to handling abuse and very expensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiplexing control of a multichannel piezoelectric deformable mirror

2005

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Addressing of massive arrays of piezoelectric actuators is usually achieved by using separate high-voltage output drivers, one per channel. This approach applied to high-order adaptive optics systems results in complex, expensive and vulnerable to handling abuse driver electronics, hardly scalable to 10 3 -10 4 actuators. To reduce the number of identical electronic units and simplify the control, we propose sequential multiplexing of piezoelectric actuators. The relatively large capacitance inherent in mirror piezo-actuators allows for storage of charge (high voltage) on a disconnected actuator retaining its displacement, while other actuators are addressed. As a demonstrator a 12-channel piezoelectric deformable mirror driven by a single high-voltage amplifier has been characterized experimentally. The multiplexing of actuators was accomplished by miniature optical switches. Temporal stability of ~λ/100 was demonstrated at multiplexing frequency of 700 Hz with a full-range ~2 µm inter-actuator stroke. The developed approach can be scaled to higher-order deformable mirrors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiplexing control of a multichannel piezoelectric deformable mirror

2005

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“…1,2 A number of scientific, 3,4 medical, 5,6 and industrial 2,5,7 applications require inexpensive, reliable, and high-quality multichannel DMs. 8 The number of channels in a DM can reach 10 2 -10 3 , especially in astronomical AO systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 The number of channels in a DM can reach 10 2 -10 3 , especially in astronomical AO systems. 1,2,4,9 Typically, each DM actuator is driven by an individual control unit, resulting in complex electronics and cabling for a high-order DM. This makes the AO system rather bulky, vulnerable to handling, and very expensive.…”

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confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric deformable mirror with adaptive multiplexing control

2006

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Abstract. We describe a simple and efficient implementation of adaptive multiplexing control for high-order piezoelectric deformable mirrors. The relatively high capacitance of piezoelectric actuators allows the electrical charge to be stored in a disconnected actuator, retaining its displacement while the other actuators can be addressed. Adaptive multiplexing, consisting of selective addressing of only those actuators that need to change their elongation in the current cycle, improves the mirror performance and simplifies the driver electronics. In experiment, a 12-channel prototype of a deformable mirror with multiplexing control has been characterized. At appropriate update rates with a fixed set of control signals, the shape of the deformable mirror remains nearly constant. A surface displacement error does not exceed ϳ / 100 rms at a multiplexing frequency of 700 Hz with a full interactuator stroke of ϳ2 m. medical, 5,6 and industrial 2,5,7 applications require inexpensive, reliable, and high-quality multichannel DMs. 8 The number of channels in a DM can reach 10 2 -10 3 , especially in astronomical AO systems.1,2,4,9 Typically, each DM actuator is driven by an individual control unit, resulting in complex electronics and cabling for a high-order DM. This makes the AO system rather bulky, vulnerable to handling, and very expensive. The total cost of the driver electronics for a high-order AO system may account for two-thirds of the total system cost. 2 An attempt to simplify the DM electronics by sequential addressing of actuators was made by Kibblewhite et al. 10They built a 59-channel piezoelectric faceplate mirror that was driven by several high-voltage amplifiers ͑HVA͒ by way of 16 high-voltage switches assembled from discrete components. Due to the implementation and control complexity, this approach has not won general acceptance. In this letter, we report on the possibility of a high-order piezoelectric DM with internal multiplexing and simple driver electronics that implements adaptive addressing. This approach implies that the addressing of piezoelectric actuators is accomplished not continuously, but as needed through a pregenerated lookup table to follow the required DM figure. Only those actuators that must adjust the DM shape are addressed in each cycle. Other actuators are updated at the slowest possible rate, to keep their size. The simplicity and compactness of the multiplexing electronics allows it to be potentially integrated with the mirror, reducing the complexity of cable interconnections.In our experiment, we used a 12-channel experimental piezoelectric DM with a 25.4-mm aperture from OKO Technologies.11 The mirror uses standard 3.2-mm-diameter and 30-mm-long tubular PZT actuators ͑produced by PI Ceramic͒, positioned in a rectangular grid with 7-mm pitch. With a control voltage ranging from 0 to 300 V, the DM full stroke reaches ϳ7 m ͑hysteresis Ͻ10%͒, and its interactuator stroke, i.e., the maximum displacement between the adjacent actuators, amounts to ϳ2 m. The actuators have compa...

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Multiconjugation Optical Relay for an Off‐Axis Solar Telescope

Moretto¹,

Langlois²,

Rimmelé³

2004

PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC

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ABSTRACT. The Sun is an ideal object for the development and application of multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO). An effort to develop solar MCAO is pursued by the National Solar Observatory (NSO) Adaptive Optics Project. In developing solar MCAO, we bear in mind its possible implementation into the proposed 4 m Advanced Technology Solar Telescope (ATST). Two possible relay optical designs feeding an MCAO section and the coudé section of a 4 m off-axis solar telescope, such as the proposed ATST, are presented and discussed here.

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Emulation of dual-conjugate adaptive optics on an 8-m class telescope

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Multiplexing control of a multichannel piezoelectric deformable mirror

Multiplexing control of a multichannel piezoelectric deformable mirror

Piezoelectric deformable mirror with adaptive multiplexing control

Multiconjugation Optical Relay for an Off‐Axis Solar Telescope

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