Emulsion and miniemulsion copolymerization of acrylic monomers in the presence of alkyd resin

Wang, S. T.; Schork, F. Joseph; Poehlein, Gary W.; Gooch, Jan W.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960620)60:12<2069::aid-app4>3.0.co;2-k

Cited by 132 publications

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“…The HBR and HBRAA are soluble in diethyl ether, but the free acrylic polymer (without grafting in HBR) is insoluble in this solvent. The free acrylic polymer is soluble in THF [17,28] . For the quantification, the HBRAA were first submitted to soxleht extraction with diethyl ether for 24 hours and then the residue was dried and weighed.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Hbraa Resinssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…To compute the grafting degree of the acrylic monomers onto HBR, this assumption was made; the amount of the free acrylic polymer (soluble in THF) is equal to non-grafted polyacrylate, since HBR and HBRAA are soluble in diethyl ether. Therefore the residues obtained after extraction operation with diethyl ether are acrylic polymer and insoluble material totally extracted in this process [28] . The grafting degree increased with the amount of HBR, it was due to the low probability of formation of the acrylic polymer and high number of double bonds available for grafting.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The insoluble materials increased with the proportion of HBR employed in the synthesis. Wang et al reported [28] that the insoluble material is due to crosslinking of the HBR and also to the high number of acrylic chains grafted onto HBR. This corroborated the hypothesis that there are some grafted acrylic units in insoluble residue (solid that remain after the extraction process).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conversion increased with the amount of polymerized acrylic monomers. This behavior has been already observed for conventional alkyd resins [17,28] . The conversion degree values of the HBRAA were the following: 95.03% for HBRAA1, 97.53% for HBRAA2, 98.99% for HBRAA3 and 99.65% for HBRAA4.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Hbraa Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waterborne hyperbranched alkyd-acrylic resin obtained by miniemulsion polymerization

Murillo

López

2016

Polímeros

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SbstractFour waterborne hyperbranched alkyd-acrylic resins (HBRAA) were synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization from a hyperbranched alkyd resin (HBR), methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA) and acrylic acid (AA), by using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and ammonium persulfate (AP) as initiators. The reaction between HBR and acrylic monomers was evidenced by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The conversion percentage, glass transition temperature (T g ), content of acrylic polymer (determined by soxhlet extraction) and molecular weight increased with the content of acrylic monomers used in the synthesis. The main structure formed during the synthesis was the HBRAA. The analysis by dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed that the particle size distribution of HBRAA2, HBRAA3 and HBRAA4 resins were mainly monomodal. The film properties (gloss, flexibility, adhesion and drying time) of the HBRAA were good.

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Section: Characterization Of the Hbraa Resinssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterization Of the Hbraa Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waterborne hyperbranched alkyd-acrylic resin obtained by miniemulsion polymerization

Murillo

López

2016

Polímeros

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“…On the other hand, acrylic resins are well-known to provide good water, acid, and alkali resistance and offer fast physical drying 15,16) . Combining these two chemistries may provide a combination of the positive characteristics in the new products [17][18][19][20][21] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymerization of an Unsaturated Oleic Acid Polyester Macromer and Methyl Methacrylate

Ataei

Yahya

Gan

2011

Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material

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Depletion of petroleum resources and the rising cost of petroleum products have led to the increasing efforts to develop natural raw materials for industrial uses 1,2) . Vegetable oils have been important sources for the synthesis of green polyesters. There have been many studies on a wide variety of polymeric materials based on plant seeds and oils [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . Acrylic monomers were first incorporated to improve the properties of the alkyd resins, predominantly for coating applications 15) . These polymers are synthesized by varying the type of acrylic or alkyd components and their ratio. The idea of a hybrid polymer is very attractive with the aims of combining the good properties of these two binders. Alkyd based coatings usually provide high gloss, good color retention, good heat and solvent resistance, low cost and an auto-oxidative crosslinking ability; however, their major weakness is the poor water, acid, and alkali resistance. On the other hand, acrylic resins are well-known to provide good water, acid, and alkali resistance and offer fast physical drying 15,16) . Combining these two chemistries may provide a combination of the positive characteristics in the new products [17][18][19][20][21] .The aim of this work was to use the palm oil derivatives as raw materials to produce an unsaturated macromer, which was then used for copolymerization with MMA. Evidence on formation of copolymer was provided by H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Molecular weight and thermal analysis measurements were performed. To check the performance of these copolymers as coatings, drying times, pencil hardness, adhesion properties and chemical and water resistant behaviours were determined using standard test methods.Oleic acid (Purity 99.5%) and glycerol (purity > 99.5%) were obtained from Emery Oleochemicals Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia. Phthalic anhydride, PA, was from P.T. Petrowidada Indonesia. MMA monomer, benzoyl peroxide, toluene, ethanol, methanol, potassium hydroxide, and potassium hydrogen phthalate were reagent grade chemicals from Merck. Benzoyl peroxide, which was supplied with 25% moisture, was recrystallized from ethanol, followed by drying in a vacuum oven at 30˚C and kept in the fridge before use.Pre-weighed PA, oleic acid and glycerol were formulated according to the procedure of Patton 22) . The reactants were charged into a 2-L four-neck round bottomed glass reactor equipped with a condenser, thermometer, mechanical stirrer, and a Dean-Stark decanter for separating the water evolved from the reaction. The mixture was heated and stirred to 160-180˚C for 1 h. The temperature was subsequently raised and maintained at 220-240˚C. The reaction was completed after the collected water of reaction was as predicted in the formulation. The alkyd macromer (AlkOA) was a viscous liquid at room temperature. Its properties are summarized in .Copolymerization was carried out in a glass reactor equipped with a condenser, mechanical stirrer, thermometer and dropping funnel. Initially the reactor was charged ...

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Water-based crosslinkable coatings via miniemulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers in the presence of unsaturated polyester resin

Tsavalas

Gooch

Schork

2000

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Hybrid miniemulsion polymerization was performed with a three-component acrylic system of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylic acid in the presence of a Bayer Roskydal TPLS2190 unsaturated polyester resin. Latexes were obtained in which the polyester resin was grafted to the acrylic polymer, forming a water-based crosslinkable coating. Grafting between the resinous component and the acrylic polymer is a feature different from the work of others who have attempted to combine the properties of both systems in water-based blends. Both emulsions and latexes were shelf-stable for over 6 months, shear-stable, and resistant to at least one freeze/thaw cycle. Resin-to-monomer ratios were studied as high as 1 : 1 (wt : wt), and total emulsion solids, as high as 45%. Monomer droplet and latex particle sizes were similar, suggesting evidence of the preponderance of droplet nucleation. A high level of crosslinking (Ͼ70%) during polymerization was observed in this particular hybrid system in contrast to those involving alkyd or polyurethane resins (Ͻ5%). Films, both homogeneous and hard, were achieved with exceptional adhesion. Electron microscopy showed the hybrid particle morphology to have internal domains of polyester resin in an acrylic matrix.

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Emulsion and miniemulsion copolymerization of acrylic monomers in the presence of alkyd resin

Cited by 132 publications

References 0 publications

Waterborne hyperbranched alkyd-acrylic resin obtained by miniemulsion polymerization

Waterborne hyperbranched alkyd-acrylic resin obtained by miniemulsion polymerization

Copolymerization of an Unsaturated Oleic Acid Polyester Macromer and Methyl Methacrylate

Water-based crosslinkable coatings via miniemulsion polymerization of acrylic monomers in the presence of unsaturated polyester resin

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