Responding to demand fluctuations represents a challenge for manufacturers, as they often face resource limitations and cannot assess all potential solutions. This paper presents a low-cost semantic engineering solution (ontology) to coordinate potential responses to disruption at the supply chain, factory and firm levels. The research method uses three cycles of design science research to develop a multi-level ontology and assess its potential to coordinate responses. The feedback from companies positions ontology as a solution for stress-testing next generation manufacturing systems. Using semantic engineering, companies can assess the available responses before disruptions, plan potential responses, and support their decision-making during demand fluctuation.