Enabling Large-Scale Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (CCUS) Using Offshore Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Infrastructure Developments—A Review

Abstract

Presently, the only offshore project for enhanced oil recovery using carbon dioxide, known as CO2-EOR, is in Brazil. Several desk studies have been undertaken, without any projects being implemented. The objective of this review is to investigate barriers to the implementation of large-scale offshore CO2-EOR projects, to identify recent technology developments, and to suggest non-technological incentives that may enable implementation. We examine differences between onshore and offshore CO2-EOR, emerging technologies that could enable projects, as well as approaches and regulatory requirements that may help overcome barriers. Our review shows that there are few, if any, technical barriers to offshore CO2-EOR. However, there are many other barriers to the implementation of offshore CO2-EOR, including: High investment and operation costs, uncertainties about reservoir performance, limited access of CO2 supply, lack of business models, and uncertainties about regulations. This review describes recent technology developments that may remove such barriers and concludes with recommendations for overcoming non-technical barriers. The review is based on a report by the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF).

Density and Phase Behavior of the CO2 + Methylbenzene System in Wide Ranges of Temperatures and Pressures

“…The experimental saturated-phase density data at temperatures of 298 K and 308 K are compared with those reported Chang et al 32 and Zirrahi et al 8 in Figure S4 in the Supporting Information. Good agreement can be observed.…”

Multi-criteria analysis to rank offshore renewable technologies to support deep-water oil and gas production

“…Subsea combustion systems: the gas produced at Mero field has a high content of CO 2 and other contaminants that make burning it without pre-processing challenging. Akker developed the Krypton concept that uses pure O 2 as a comburent to operate at Brazilian the pre-salt oil fields (Eide et al, 2019). The limitation of this system is its necessity for an offshore gas separation plant.…”

Sensitivity Analysis of Geomechanical Constraints in CO2 Storage to Screen Potential Sites in Deep Saline Aquifers

“…Apart from saline formations, depleted oil and gas fields have also been extensively used for CO 2 storage in various projects worldwide due to the benefit of existing infrastructure and in-depth subsurface knowledge (Bachu, 2016). Close to 40 Mt of CO 2 has been utilized in the Weyburn-Midale field for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) (Brown et al, 2017;Global CCS Institute, 2019), and the Petrobras Santos Basin CCS facility has stored more than 14 Mt of CO 2 in the subsurface (Eide et al, 2019;Global CCS Institute, 2020). However, the enormous global storage potential of deep saline formations makes them a more promising prospect for future CO 2 storage.…”