Enabling Spaces; Rethinking Materiality and the Invitational Character of Institutional Environments

Abstract

This article explores how physical surroundings may be integrated as a supportive measure in social work efforts. Drawing on ecological psychology and the concept of liminality, the article presents a case study of Kofoed’s School (KS), a social institution in Copenhagen, Denmark. In recent years, KS has undergone a major renovation, opening up previously sheltered workshops to the public. By creating liminal spaces of possibility, where students can take up “both/and” positions allowing for a multitude of ways to participate, students are experiencing increased support and inclusion, which contributes to a growing feeling of citizenship and well-being. Drawing on participant observations and interviews with students, staff members, as well as customers at the school’s shops, we explore how the architectural layout may facilitate students’ flexible and fluid movements between more or less sheltered positions and further discuss how this flexibility may become supportive for their personal development and well-being. We propose to think of such spaces of possibility as enabling spaces, where inclusive architecture contributes to the creation of new possibilities for participation for people in marginalized life positions. This, we suggest, holds a great potential for social work efforts for people experiencing complex social vulnerability.

Enabling spaces for (varied) co-existence

“…And more importantly, a space with room for being and acting on users' terms. In combination, the building itself, the layout and the invitational character of the different settings at the Day Centre, constitute what we would label an enabling space [7]; a space where new forms of participation are invited for and enabled for people in societally marginalized positions, and where it is possible to move more fluidly between the different behaviour settings of 'being', 'doing', and 'acting'. At the Day Centre, the meticulous inclusion of users' perspectives in the design process has resulted in behaviour settings inviting for varied co-existence.…”