Enacting Gender Identity in Written Discourse

Winn, Laura L.; Rubin, Donald L.

doi:10.1177/0261927x01020004001

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with decades of research finding that women report using significantly more exclamation points than men, and men are more likely to report that they generally do not use exclamation points in their digital interactions (Scates, 1981;Rubin & Greene, 1992;Herring, 1994;Winn & Rubin, 2001;Colley & Todd, 2002;Waseleski, 2006). We also found that white women are more likely to use more exclamation points on the note of punctuation.…”

Section: Punctuation and Sexsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…exclamation points (53%) than men (13.7%), and men are more likely to report not using exclamation points that much in general (47.1%) than women (14.9%). This is consistent with decades of research on gender differences in punctuation use (Carlos Scates, 1981;Colley & Todd, 2002;Diaz, 2018;Herring, 1994;Rubin & Greene, 1992;Waseleski, 2006;Winn & Rubin, 2001).…”

Section: Punctuation Usesupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Emojis can be used ironically or intentionally, and often one emoji can pertain to many different interpretations. In addition, decades of research finds that women report using significantly more exclamation points than men, and men are more likely to report that they generally do not use exclamation points in their digital interactions (Scates, 1981;Rubin & Greene, 1992;Herring, 1994;Winn & Rubin, 2001;Colley & Todd, 2002;Waseleski, 2006). Taken together, it is likely that women interact in a more expressive manner than men in the virtual public square.…”

Section: Emojis and Punctuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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[Published] - Social Utilitarianism in Digital Interactions and Distant Worlds

Simanian¹,

Willis²

2022

Preprint

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This study focuses on the utilitarian strategy of identity negotiation. Analyzing interaction patterns in emails and text messages, we found that women use emojis more frequently than men. In addition, we found that women report using significantly more exclamation points than men and that men are likely to report not using exclamation points that much in general. In analyses of the utilization of skin lightening filters for social media posts, we found that skin lightening filters are used more frequently by women than by men. In addition, women may be unconsciously making themselves appear whiter via lightning filters in hopes that it will maximize the socially utilitarian payoff of their virtual self-brand. In short, individuals may feel that making their skin look lighter will increase their social capital (likes, views, etc.). Only subjects with the lightest skin gradient indicated using emojis/filters to try and appear darker. Finally, we found a descriptive pattern indicating that straight women and bisexual women dating men use more filters than bisexual women dating women and lesbians.

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Section: Punctuation and Sexsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Punctuation Usesupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Emojis and Punctuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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[Published] - Social Utilitarianism in Digital Interactions and Distant Worlds

Simanian¹,

Willis²

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, in a study conducted by Winn and Rubin (2001), it was found that writers changed their writing styles to complement (rather than converge toward) the apparent gender role orientation of their interlocutors.…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Projecting Gender Identity Through Metadiscourse Marking: Investigating Writers’ Stance Taking in Written Discourse

Seyyedrezaie

Vahedi

2017

Indonesian J. Appl. Linguist

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The present study aimed at investigating gender identity through the expression of interpersonal metadiscourse stance marking. The current study investigated male and female authors' pattern of stance markers utilization, focusing on totally 60 English and Persian articles, and English articles written by Persian speakers. Based on Xu and Longs' (2008) classification, five categories of stance markers (textual, epistemic, attitudinal, deontic and causation) were identified and the frequencies of their occurrences were computed. The differences in each group were investigated separately through running chi-square tests. Regarding English articles, it was found that both male and female writers used the same pattern of stance taking except the epistemic markers. Another finding of this study was that both male and female writers followed the same pattern of stance taking in Persian articles except the deontic ones. In English articles written by Persian speakers, female writers used the same pattern as their native counterparts, while male ones were affected mostly by their native language. Attending to stance taking patterns, this article provides an informative picture which illustrates the common preferences of disciplinary community especially between male and female writers. Hence, the implications of this study can be helpful in academic writing, in assessment, and textbooks.

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“…Thus, by increasing similarity through language, individuals can gain the approval of those they are interacting with. Divergence, or emphasis of a difference in style, can be used to signal distance or in interpersonal attraction contexts, signal gender characteristics of the two sexes (Winn & Rubin 2001). There is evidence that accommodation effects occur in friendly e‐mails to peers (Colley & Todd 2002; Colley et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and status effects in student e‐mails to staff

O'Neill

Colley

2006

Computer Assisted Learning

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This study aimed to examine gender and status effects in the kind of e-mails used to manage course administrative issues in an educational setting. Students were asked to respond to an e-mail presented as being from a member of staff, informing them of failure to submit coursework and asking for an explanation to be provided. The sex and status of the sender were varied. The data showed both gender and status effects. The men more frequently adopted an assertive stance, while the women more frequently referred to work-related issues in a conciliatory way. A number of features of the e-mails varied according to the sex of the participant, and the status and sex of the sender. There was evidence of a greater influence of status in features of the replies from the men, although the effect of this varied according to the sex of the sender. In addition, accommodation to the gender-stereotypes of the senders was evident in features of the data from both men and women.

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Enacting Gender Identity in Written Discourse

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

[Published] - Social Utilitarianism in Digital Interactions and Distant Worlds

[Published] - Social Utilitarianism in Digital Interactions and Distant Worlds

Projecting Gender Identity Through Metadiscourse Marking: Investigating Writers’ Stance Taking in Written Discourse

Gender and status effects in student e‐mails to staff

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