Enamel and dentine dimensions of the Pleistocene hominins from Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain): A comparative study of canine teeth

García-Campos, Cecilia; Martinón‐Torres, María; Martín‐Francés, Laura; Modesto‐Mata, Mario; Pinillos, Marina Martínez de; Arsuaga, Juan Luís; Castro, José Marı́a Bermúdez de

doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2018.06.004

Cited by 16 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…However, more data is needed on other Early and Middle Pleistocene populations to fully understand the evolutionary meaning of this trait. To our knowledge, the Atapuerca SH group is the only population of the genus Homo to exhibit a combination of the primitive (molars) and derived (canines) condition for the enamel thickness trait [41,42]. Future studies of the complete dentition will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the anterior versus posterior enamel thickness pattern in the populations of the Early and Middle Pleistocene in Europe and its evolutionary interpretation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…When considering intra-population or intra-species and dental class variability on crown enamel thickness, the Atapuerca (H. antecessor-TD6 and SH) populations are the only known samples displaying a combination of thin and thick enamelled teeth in the same dentitions, in contrast to what is already reported for Neanderthals and modern humans [25,28,29,33]. More specifically, the TD6 and SH canines exhibit relatively thin enamel [42], while their molars have proportionally thick enamel [41 and this study].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 89%

“…Previous results on crown tissue proportions in H. antecessor (from the TD6 level of the Gran Dolina site, Atapuerca) and SH dentition [41,42] showed that TD6 molars shared with Neanderthals some histological aspects, such as the lateral enamel thickness and the enamel thickness distribution [41]. In addition, García-Campos and colleagues [42] described a Neanderthal-like, thin pattern of enamel thickness in TD6 and SH canines. Considering that Early and Middle Pleistocene populations of Atapuerca (TD6 and SH) already exhibit Neanderthal-like aspects of enamel thickness, here we test the hypothesis if the SH molar sample exhibits some Neanderthal aspects of enamel thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…On the contrary, studies on modern humans relate their relative thick enamel to a unique odontogenetic process and to the extreme dental reduction [29,[38][39][40]. Previous results on crown tissue proportions in H. antecessor (from the TD6 level of the Gran Dolina site, Atapuerca) and SH dentition [41,42] showed that TD6 molars shared with Neanderthals some histological aspects, such as the lateral enamel thickness and the enamel thickness distribution [41]. In addition, García-Campos and colleagues [42] described a Neanderthal-like, thin pattern of enamel thickness in TD6 and SH canines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crown tissue proportions and enamel thickness distribution in the Middle Pleistocene hominin molars from Sima de los Huesos (SH) population (Atapuerca, Spain)

et al. 2020

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Dental enamel thickness, topography, growth and development vary among hominins. In Homo, the thickness of dental enamel in most Pleistocene hominins display variations from thick to hyper-thick, while Neanderthals exhibit proportionally thinner enamel. The origin of the thin trait remains unclear. In this context, the Middle Pleistocene human dental assemblage from Atapuerca-Sima de los Huesos (SH) provides a unique opportunity to trace the evolution of enamel thickness in European hominins. In this study, we aim to test the hypothesis if the SH molar sample approximates the Neanderthal condition for enamel thickness and/or distribution. This study includes 626 molars, both original and comparative data. We analysed the molar inner structural organization of the original collections (n = 124), belonging to SH(n = 72) and modern humans from Spanish origin (n = 52). We compared the SH estimates to those of extinct and extant populations of the genus Homo from African, Asian and European origin (estimates extracted from literature n = 502). The comparative sample included maxillary and mandibular molars belonging to H. erectus, East and North African Homo, European Middle Pleistocene Homo, Neanderthals, and fossil and extant H. sapiens. We used high-resolution images to investigate the endostructural configuration of SH molars (tissue proportions, enamel thickness and distribution). The SH molars exhibit on average thick absolute and relative enamel in 2D and 3D estimates, both in the complete crown and the lateral enamel. This primitive condition is shared with the majority of extinct and extant hominin sample, except for Neanderthals and some isolated specimens. On the contrary, the SH molar enamel distribution maps reveal a distribution pattern similar to the Neanderthal signal (with thicker enamel on the lingual cusps and more peripherally distributed), compared to H. antecessor and modern humans. Due to the phylogenetic position of the SH population, the thick condition in molars could represent the persistence of the PLOS ONE

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crown tissue proportions and enamel thickness distribution in the Middle Pleistocene hominin molars from Sima de los Huesos (SH) population (Atapuerca, Spain)

et al. 2020

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“…Estos restos fósiles han sido estudiados en profundidad por diversos autores entre los que se encuentran Rosas (1995), , Carretero et al (1999), Lorenzo et al (1999), Carbonell et al (2005 y Pablos et al (2012Pablos et al ( , 2013, entre otros. En cuanto a la muestra dental de dicho yacimiento, su morfología ha sido analizada por , 2003b, Carbonell et al (2005), Martinón-Torres (2006), Martinón-Torres et al (2006), Gómez-Robles et al (2007 Bermúdez de Castro et al (2008a), Gómez-Robles et al (2008, 2019, entre otros. Además las proporciones de los tejidos dentales de la dentición posterior de esta especie han sido estudiadas por .…”

Section: » Características Morfológicas De Homo Antecessor Y Debate Filogenéticounclassified

Caracterización de los tejidos dentales caninos permanentes de las poblaciones actuales y del Pleistoceno de la sierra de Atapuerca (Burgos) mediante microtomografía microcomputarizada (micro-CT): dimorfismo sexual y otras inferencias paleobiológicas

Campos¹

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The assessment of the dental tissue proportions in the human dentition with a focus in the analysis of differences between males and females has triggered a special interest within forensic sciences. At the same time, the evaluation of the enamel and dentin dimensions has become a routine in taxonomic studies in human evolution. In this PhD dissertation, we employed microtomographic image analysis techniques to assess the three-dimensional dental tissue proportions of the permanent canines belonging to the Pleistocene populations of the Sierra de Atapuerca (Spain), as well as the canines of a large sample of modern humans of known sex. The main objective of this study is to explore the variability present in the dimensions of the different dental tissues of the populations under study and its utility to assess sexual dimorphism. Our study reveals that the dentin-pulp complex of permanent canines in modern humans is absolutely and relatively larger in males, resulting in a relatively thicker enamel in females.. This histological pattern has allowed us to define several variables that were used in the development of a new methodology for sex estimation. The accuracy rates obtained using this methodology reach values of up to 92.3% in modern humans, a reliability comparable to that of other methods commonly applied to the skull or pelvis. On the other hand, the study of the dental tissue proportions of the permanent canines of the Early and Middle Pleistocene hominins from the Atapuerca sites has helped us to improve our understanding about the polarity of the thin enamel described as typical of H. neanderthalensis dentition, as well as to assess the evolution of this trait in the Pleistocene populations of Europe. In particular, the similarities observed in the dental tissue proportions of the the Sima de los Huesos (SH) and the Krapina canines indicate that the thinly enameled pattern cannot be considered as a feature only present in the classic Neandertals but a trait shared by all members of the Neandertal lineage. Fur-ABSTRACT 3 ESTRUCTURA DE LA TESIS DOCTORAL 9

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Dental tissue proportions and linear dimensions of Sima de los Huesos lower incisors

Lockey

Martín‐Francés

Arsuaga

et al. 2022

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Objectives To assess the phenotypic affinities of the Sima de los Huesos (SH) mandibular incisors dental tissue proportions, and radicular dimensions, relative to Neandertals, recent modern humans (RMH), and a large comparative sample of Pleistocene hominins. Materials and Methods Two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) data were extracted from SH (n = 22) incisors, and compared with specimens from Krapina (n = 6) and Ehringsdorf (n = 2), RMH (n = 42), as well as a comparative sample of hominins from the literature (n = 244). We calculated average enamel thickness (AET), relative enamel thickness (RET) and radicular variables (cervical area [CA] and root surface area [RSA], root linear dimensions [RL], dentine and pulp volume [RDV, RPV, TRV]). Results We found that SH incisor crown variables were generally undiagnostic for 2D and 3D AET and 2D RET. Trends indicated thicker 3D RET in RMH relative to SH hominins, Tighenif hominins, and Neandertals. The SH and Neandertal mandibular incisors share similar RL, RSA, and root tissue volumes when compared to other extinct members of Homo. Relative to all other extinct hominins examined here, SH incisors display a relatively narrow cervical labio‐lingual diameter. Finally, we found a weak correlations in SH and RMH between the crown and root variables. Discussion This study confirms that SH mandibular incisors' dental tissue proportions and root dimensions align more closely to Neandertals. However, the complete set of Neandertal apomorphies is not present within SH mandibular incisors. SH incisors concur with traits reported in SH canines, and contrasting patterns in the molars, revealing a dichotomy between the anterior and posterior teeth for dental tissue proportions.

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Enamel and dentine dimensions of the Pleistocene hominins from Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain): A comparative study of canine teeth

Cited by 16 publications

References 91 publications

Crown tissue proportions and enamel thickness distribution in the Middle Pleistocene hominin molars from Sima de los Huesos (SH) population (Atapuerca, Spain)

Crown tissue proportions and enamel thickness distribution in the Middle Pleistocene hominin molars from Sima de los Huesos (SH) population (Atapuerca, Spain)

Caracterización de los tejidos dentales caninos permanentes de las poblaciones actuales y del Pleistoceno de la sierra de Atapuerca (Burgos) mediante microtomografía microcomputarizada (micro-CT): dimorfismo sexual y otras inferencias paleobiológicas

Dental tissue proportions and linear dimensions of Sima de los Huesos lower incisors

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