Enamel Changes in Two Low-Fluoride Areas of Kenya

Manji, Firoze; Bælum, Vibeke; Fejerskov, O.; Gemert, Wayne van

doi:10.1159/000260960

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, 50% of the children had pitting in at least one tooth exhibiting a TFI (Thylstrup and Fejerskov index) score of 7 or higher, which would include a Dean’s score of 5. In another Kenyan [38] study it was also stated that fluorosis prevalence was unexpectedly high and severe in a low F area (< 1 p.p.m. F).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental fluorosis and caries experience in relation to three different drinking water fluoride levels in South Africa

Grobler

Louw

Kotze

2001

Int J Paed Dentistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental fluorosis and caries experience in relation to three different drinking water fluoride levels in South Africa

Grobler

Louw

Kotze

2001

Int J Paed Dentistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data on the occurrence of dental fluorosis in two rural communities residing at 1,500 m above sea level were already available, and details of the findings have previously been reported [Manji et al, 1985b], Geographers were consulted to identify stable rural populations resident at high altitude and at sea level: one village in Nyandarua District (2,400 m) and two villages in Kwale District (sea level) were identified. No information on fluoride concentrations in drink ing waters or about dental conditions in these vil lages was available prior to the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride, Altitude and Dental Fluorosis

Manji

Bælum²,

Fejerskov³

1986

Caries Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Children aged 11–15 years from three low-fluoride zones (< 0.5 ppm in drinking water) situated at sea level, 1,500 m and 2,400 m above sea level, and from two higher-fluoride zones (0.5–1.0 ppm in drinking water) were examined for dental fluorosis. In the low-F zones 36.4% of the children at sea level had dental fluorosis, as compared to 78.0% at 1,500 m, and 100.0% at 2,400 m. In the higher-F zones 71.2% had dental fluorosis at sea levels as compared to 93.8% at 1,500 m (p < 0.001). The intraoral pattern of dental fluorosis was similar in each of these five populations, and the severity of dental fluorosis of each tooth type increased significantly with increases in altitude in both the low and higher-fluoride zones (p < 0.001). Moreover the severity of dental fluorosis was associated with increases in fluoride concentrations at constant altitudes (at sea level and at 1,500 m). This study establishes for the first time that populations living at high altitudes may be more susceptible to dental fluorosis than those at low altitudes for a given concentration of fluoride in drinking water. The findings indicate that certain physiological changes may occur in humans living at high altitude whereby the effects of fluoride on mineralizing tissues become exacerbated.

show abstract

“…Dental fluorosis is symmetrically distributed, but the prevalence and severity of the lesions vary among different types of teeth. The prevalence and severity of the dental fluorosis in teeth that form and mineralize later in life were found to be higher compared with those in the early-forming teeth (Manji et al, 1986;Larsen et al, 1987;Fejerskov et al, 1996). This clinical manifestation has been thought to be due to the cumulative effect of fluoride (Fejerskov et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Intra-oral Distribution of Dental Fluorosis in Newburgh and Kingston, New York

Kumar

Swango²,

Haley

et al. 2000

J Dent Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies of intra-oral distribution of dental fluorosis in low-fluoride areas reported that teeth that formed later in life were more frequently affected compared with the early-forming teeth. The steady increase of plasma fluoride with age, even under constant fluoride exposure, has been suggested as a possible mechanism for this clinical manifestation. To determine the intra-oral distribution of Dean's Index scores and the effect of fluoride exposure on early- and late-forming teeth, we analyzed data collected on 2193 seven- to 14-year-old lifelong residents of fluoridated or non-fluoridated areas. Logistic regression procedures were used to determine the effects of fluoridation, early brushing, daily supplements, and other socio-demographic variables on early- and late-forming teeth. The results show that the occurrence of very mild or greater levels of fluorosis in the upper anterior teeth was 7 to 10% in the fluoridated area and 5 to 9% in the nonfluoridated area. In the fluoridated area, the occurrence of fluorosis increased from anterior to posterior teeth. Both early- and late-forming teeth were affected by exposure to fluoridation, daily fluoride supplement use, or brushing before the age of two years. This analysis showed that the esthetic consequence of exposure to multiple sources of fluoride was less dramatic, as evidenced by the lower frequency in upper anterior teeth compared with posterior teeth. The longer maturation process of the posterior teeth and the thicker enamel appear to be the likely explanation for the higher occurrence of dental fluorosis in posterior teeth.

show abstract

Enamel Changes in Two Low-Fluoride Areas of Kenya

Cited by 37 publications

References 9 publications

Dental fluorosis and caries experience in relation to three different drinking water fluoride levels in South Africa

Dental fluorosis and caries experience in relation to three different drinking water fluoride levels in South Africa

Fluoride, Altitude and Dental Fluorosis

Intra-oral Distribution of Dental Fluorosis in Newburgh and Kingston, New York

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About