Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) enhances the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)

Abstract

To investigate the EMD's capacity in BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. In vivo and in vitro, BMSCs were treated with EMD, scanning electron microscopy, and Alizarin Red staining were used to detect the changes in the osteogenic ability of BMSCs, and the proliferation ability of BMSCs was evaluated by CCK8. In addition, by adding xav939, a typical inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the regulatory function of Wnt/β-catenin signaling was clarified. The results showed that EMD promote cell proliferation and 25 μg/ml EMD had the most significant effect. Cells inducing osteogenesis for 2 and 3 even 4 weeks, the cell staining is deeper in EMD treated group than that of the control (P < 0.05) by alizarin Red staining, suggesting more mineralization of BMSCs. In vivo implanting the titanium plate wrapped with 25 μg/ml EMD treated-BMSC film into nude mice for 8 weeks, more nodules were formed on the surface of the titanium plate than that the control (P < 0.05). HE showed that there is a little blue-violet immature bone-like tissue block. Besides, the expression of RUNX Family Transcription Factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix, Osteocalcin (OCN), collagen I (COLI), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and β-catenin were inhibited in xav939 group (P < 0.05); Inversely, all were activated in EMD group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, EMD promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. EMD's function on BMSCs might be associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Integrin α10 regulates adhesion, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in type 2 diabetic patients who underwent dental implant surgery

“…Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are adult stem cells that play important roles in implant osseointegration processes [ 9 , 10 ]. Studies have shown that a high-glucose environment has a substantial negative impact on BMSC biological processes, such as cell proliferation and migration [ 11 ], and that glucose dose-dependently inhibits the osteogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Reconstructive Approach in Residual Periodontal Pockets with Biofunctionalized Heterografts—A Retrospective Comparison of 12-Month Data from Three Centers

“…The regenerative potential of EMD in the formation of new attachment has been confirmed by a plethora of RCTs and human histological as well as in vitro studies (Figure 5) [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Quite expectedly, the results of C2 are, therefore, in the range of the latest clinical trials investigating EMD heterografts [34,35].…”

Preparation of a nanopearl powder/C-HA (chitosan-hyaluronic acid)/rhBMP-2 (recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2) composite artificial bone material and a preliminary study of its effects on MC3T3-E1 cells

“…OPN participates in bone formation and reconstruction by regulating the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Additionally, OPN, another osteoblast marker, plays an important role in the mineralization and absorption of bone matrix [ 39 ]. The presence of OCN reflects osteoblast maturation and not only objectively indicates the osteogenic function of osteoblasts but also reveals the state of bone formation and turnover.…”