Enantiomeric Ratio of Amino Acids as a Tool for Determination of Aging and Disease Diagnostics by Chromatographic Measurement

Abstract

Abstract:Occurrence of D-amino acids in living organisms is a useful indicator of various changes, diseases, or disorders. Determination of amino acid enantiomers, namely the enantiomeric ratio of amino acids or excess of certain D-amino acids, represents a useful tool in the studies of aging processes or biomarkers in disease/disorder diagnosis in humans. The amount of D-amino acids is usually very low. Therefore, suitable sample pretreatment, often derivatization, and highly selective and sensitive separation methods are essential for D-amino acid analysis in this field. Chromatographic techniques offer appropriate choices for solving these tasks. This review covers the advances in methodology and development of improved instrumental chromatographic methods focused on D,L-amino acid separation and determination. New findings in the area of possible D-amino acid biomarkers are also included.

Amino acid racemization and its relation to geochronology and archaeometry

“…reviewed the biochemistry of amino acid racemization in proteins and its clinical application to musculoskeletal diseases , while Kalíková et al. provided a recent review of amino acids in disease diagnostics .…”

“…Another area of innovation that intersects AAR dating is the use of chiral amino acids as biomarkers of diseases/disorders, which has received growing interest in recent years. McCudden et al reviewed the biochemistry of amino acid racemization in proteins and its clinical application to musculoskeletal diseases [182], while Kalíková et al provided a recent review of amino acids in disease diagnostics [183].…”

50 years of HPLC. Main stages of development and new trends

“…• определение энантиомерного отношения (D/L) аминокислот в биологических жидкостях человека как метод оценки возраста и диагностики заболеваний [107];…”

Biosensors for D-Amino Acids: Detection Methods and Applications

“…In large part, biomolecules are constituted of L-AAs (such as proteins) and the presence of D-AAs was thus undervalued [1]. In the past 25 years, a number of investigations highlighted different and specific roles of D-AAs in living organisms, as reviewed in [1][2][3][4]. In this context, the rapid and selective determination of D-AAs (and their derivatives) in biological matrices is expected to strongly impact both life sciences and industrial sectors.…”