The preparation of optically active indole derivatives remains an important problem for synthetic chemists [1]. At this time a large number of examples of the asymmetric synthesis involving chiral indole derivatives have been reported [1-3] but instances of the use in asymmetric synthesis of indole derivatives containing a chiral substituent on the nitrogen atom are rare [4,5]. We propose a simple method for preparing chiral N-substituted indole-2-carbaldehydes (1a,b) and have studied their potential use in asymmetric synthesis in the case of the aza Diels-Alder reaction. N H CN N CN R 1 Ph N R 1 Ph CHO R 1 OH Ph DIAD, PPh 3 , THF LiAlH(OEt) 3 or DIBAL-H THF 2 3a,b 1a,b 1, 3 a R 1 = Me, b R 1 = CH 2 OMeThe starting compound was 2-cyanoindole (2). We have previously shown the possibility of alkylating the nitrile 2 with ethyl (S)-2-hydroxypropionate under Mitsunobu reaction conditions in the presence of the classical oxidative-reductive system PPh 3 -azodicarboxylate [7]. The Mitsunobu reaction occurs in mild __________________________________________________________________________________________ 1