ENC production and distribution in the hydrographic institute of the Republic of Croatia

Abstract

This article will present technoEog?i for the production of Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC) in the Hydrographic institute of the Republic of Croatia (HIRC). current conditions of producing ENC cells and comparison with international experiences. ENC database together with GPS and onboard sensors make upElectronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) -navigational GIs. The purpose of ENC and ECDIS is improvement of navigational safety and protection of marine environment. HiRC is participant of the international pilot project "North Adriatic Virtual Regional Electronic Nautical Chart" (VIIENC)), deals with standardization in production and distribution of ENCs covering the area of the North Adriatic Sea. In international relations HIRC has a rather satisfiing ENC production..

Resolving problems in symbol identification in compilation of electronic navigational charts utilising paper charts

“…The HO of each country (IHO, 2023) provides the ENC service that includes the provision of ENCs, their production, distribution, and updates. This service should meet the needs of international shipping while adhering to applicable IMO resolutions and IHO standards (Leder, 2005). The national HO and government are directly responsible for the quality and accuracy of their products.…”

Multiscale ENC Data Management on an Archipelagic Sea Area – Example of the East Adriatic Coast

“…The most interesting phenomenum of the Adriatic tides is a very well developed amphidromy, where semi-diurnal tides are opposite in phase in the western and eastern coast of the Middle Adriatic (Polli, 1960). Tidal amplitudes are small, rising from 0·23 m at Dubrovnik in the south to 0·68 m at Trieste in the north and have no influence on the safety of navigation (Leder, 2004). Surface circulation in the Adriatic Sea can be described as a cyclonic meander with a north-west-going current along the eastern coast and south-east-going current along the western coast (Orlić et al , 1992).…”

“…Currents have little influence on the safety of navigation in the open sea area. Mean current speeds in the open sea are about 0·5 knots (Leder, 2004).…”

“…An absolute maximum wave height in the open North Adriatic was recorded during a persistent gale force Sirocco, where H max =10·8 m (significant wave height H 1/3 =6·0 m, mean period T sr =8·5 s, mean wave length L sr =112·3 m). In Bora dominated situations, maximum wave height was also recorded in the North Adriatic: H max =7·2 m, H 1/3 =3·9 m, T sr =8·5 s, L sr =112·3 m (Leder, 2004).…”

“…During summer, sea surface temperature reach values of 22°C to 25°C, the open sea being warmer than the coastal waters. (Leder, 2004).…”