Encapsulated photonic crystals for high efficiency nanolasers

Abstract

We propose and report a novel photonic crystal (PhC) encapsulation concept, where the originally exposed air holes are sealed off on top of the surface to create an enclosed air column structure in two dimensional (2D) PhC based devices and systems. The impact of encapsulation on the photonic bandgap will be discussed for different encapsulation conditions. Experimental results on encapsulation process will also be reported, with focus on the nanoparticle based self assembly encapsulation. Finally a novel photonic crystal surface emitting laser based on this encapsulation concept will be proposed and discussed. The surface state induced non-radiative recombination and different electrical injection schemes will be discussion with the benefit of encapsulation being discussed in the end.