Encapsulation methods for phase change materials – A critical review

Huang, Yongcai; Stonehouse, A.J.; Abeykoon, Chamil

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.123458

Cited by 95 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…In order to function optimally, PCM requires encapsulation to support its performance. One factor to consider when selecting PCM encapsulation is its leakage potential, especially when the PCM is in liquid or gas states [10]. Due to its nature and physical characteristics, bamboo has great potential to be developed into PCM encapsulation for liquid-state material.…”

Section: Figure 2 Untreated Bamboo Results Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bamboo Preservation Experiments as Encapsulation for Liquid-State PCM

Dewi,

Rahmasari,

Putra

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Bamboo has been known for its sustainability and versatility, which presents a promising green alternative material from tropical countries. This paper explores bamboo’s potential as an encapsulation material for liquid phase change material (PCM), addressing leakage and fungal growth. The experimental procedures involve treating two different types of bamboo (black and tropical green) to see their capability as an encapsulation for phase change material. In addition, three experiments were applied: waterproofing, varnish, and pre-treatment. Qualitative analysis is conducted over a consecutive fourteen-day period, evaluating all the twenty different samples with different treatments as they hold the liquid PCM. Several pre-treated bamboos show leakage. Consequently, varnishing and waterproofing treatments emerged as crucial in effectively addressing bamboo encapsulation. The findings demonstrate that tropical green bamboo, treated with waterproofing on both sides, exhibited impeccable leakage prevention and successfully removed fungal growth, even when exposed to extended periods of moisture.

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Section: Figure 2 Untreated Bamboo Results Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the utilization of PCM is often not directly used due to concerns such as toxicity, potential leakage in liquid or gas states, and low thermal conductivity [10]. To overcome issues like leakage and to improve their limitations, one of the most efficient strategies is the implementation of encapsulation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bamboo Preservation Experiments as Encapsulation for Liquid-State PCM

Dewi,

Rahmasari,

Putra

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…At present, encapsulation has become the mainstream method of using PCMs due to the influence of the building structure and thermal efficiency, but due to its production technology and raw material costs, the total cost is high and the ratio of thermal benefits to costs obtained is not satisfactory. Therefore, consideration will be given to improving the benefit-tocost ratio in terms of the material itself, production methods and use [5].…”

Section: The Way Phase Change Materials Are Actually Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCMs’ performance and the benefit enhancement

Zhang

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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At present, non-renewable energy sources such as oil are being consumed in large quantities and, along with this energy consumption, large quantities of carbon dioxide (greenhouse gases) are being produced, contributing to increased global warming. The energy used to control the interior temperature of a building area cannot be disregarded since the building industry, as a significant energy consumer and CO2 emitter, has a significant influence on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Due to their enormous thermal energy storage capacity, phase change materials may be employed in building envelopes, where they can help conserve energy and somewhat lower carbon emissions. In this paper, the thermal performance of phase change materials that can be applied to the building sector is summarised and compared, while various ways of improving the ratio of thermal efficiency to cost are proposed based on their practical use, from material enhancement, production method enhancement, and the choice of use and location for efficiency enhancement.

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“…18 To solve this problem, PCMs are usually encapsulated in suitable shells to form form-stable structures for storing heat. 19 Additionally, organic PCMs have poor thermal conductivities, which requires PCM composites to have a large surface area and a highly porous structure to increase the heat exchange area and rate between the heat transfer fluid (e.g., air) and PCMs. 20 Recently, electrospinning has attracted tremendous interest in thermal energy storage because of its proven ability to encapsulate a variety of PCMs into nanofibers.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Directly using PCMs for thermal energy storage is disadvantageous because they lose shape stability and leak during melting . To solve this problem, PCMs are usually encapsulated in suitable shells to form form-stable structures for storing heat . Additionally, organic PCMs have poor thermal conductivities, which requires PCM composites to have a large surface area and a highly porous structure to increase the heat exchange area and rate between the heat transfer fluid (e.g., air) and PCMs …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient and Secure Encapsulation of a Natural Phase Change Material in Nanofibers Using Coaxial Electrospinning for Sustainable Thermal Energy Storage

Patel,

Wei,

Singh

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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In this study, we present an ecofriendly technique for encapsulating lauric acid (LA), a natural phase change material, within polystyrene (PS) nanofibers through coaxial electrospinning. The resulting LAPS core–sheath nanofibers exhibited a melting enthalpy of up to 136.6 J/g, representing 75.8% of the heat storage capacity of pristine LA (180.2 J/g), a value surpassing all previously reported core–sheath fibers. Scanning electron microscopy revealed uniform LAPS nanofibers free of surface LA until the core LA feed rate reached 1.3 mL/h. As the core LA feed rate increased, the fiber diameter shrank from 2.24 ± 0.31 to 0.58 ± 0.45 μm. Infrared spectra demonstrated a proportional increase in the LA content with rising core LA injection rates. Thermogravimetric analysis found the maximum core LA content in core–sheath nanofibers to be 75.0%. Differential scanning calorimetry thermograms displayed a trend line shift upon LA leakage for LA1.3PS nanofibers. LAPS fibers containing 75.0% LA effectively maintained consistent cycling stability and reusability across 100 heating–cooling cycles (20–60 °C) without heat storage deterioration. The core LA remained securely within the PS sheath after 100 cycles, and the LAPS nanofibers retained an excellent structural integrity without rupture. The energy-dense and form-stable LAPS core–sheath nanofibers have great potential for various thermal energy storage applications, such as building insulation, smart textiles, and electronic cooling systems, providing efficient temperature regulation and energy conservation.

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Encapsulation methods for phase change materials – A critical review

Cited by 95 publications

References 202 publications

Bamboo Preservation Experiments as Encapsulation for Liquid-State PCM

Bamboo Preservation Experiments as Encapsulation for Liquid-State PCM

PCMs’ performance and the benefit enhancement

Efficient and Secure Encapsulation of a Natural Phase Change Material in Nanofibers Using Coaxial Electrospinning for Sustainable Thermal Energy Storage

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