Encapsulation of Biomacromolecules within Polymersomes by Electroporation

Abstract

Biologische Makromoleküle lassen sich durch gezielte zeitliche Destabilisierung der Vesikelmembran in vorgebildete Polymersome einschließen. Morphologie und Größe des Polymersoms sind nach der Elektroporierung unverändert, was für die Rückbildung der Polymersom‐Membran spricht. Die Oberflächenladung der Biomakromoleküle spielt im Elektroporierungsprozess eine zentrale Rolle.

Progressive Saturation Improves the Encapsulation of Functional Proteins in Nanoscale Polymer Vesicles

“…the "thin-film rehydration" technique) (11,(29)(30)(31) or the extrusion of preformed vesicles (e.g. by "hollow-fiber extrusion") in the presence of protein solution (32); 2) "direct hydration" (22,33); and, 3) "electroporation" (34,35). Adopted from the liposome literature and widely employed for the encapsulation of organic small molecules, these methods result in low yields of polymersome-encapsulated protein (e.g.…”

LRP-1 functionalized polymersomes enhance the efficacy of carnosine in experimental stroke

“…For encapsulation of cargo into polymersomes (bt-CAR-NP and nt-CAR-NP), electroporation was performed as previously reported 31 . A stock solution of carnosine was filter sterilized and loaded together with polymersomes into 800 μL electroporation cuvettes (BioRad; Hercules, CA, USA), to a final concentration of 1.5 mg/mL carnosine and 3 mg/mL polymersomes, and electroporation was performed with an Eppendorf 2510 electroporator (Hamburg, Germany) with a total of 10 pulses at 2500 V. Electroporated polymersomes were left in 4 °C overnight to allow sufficient time for the pores to close, followed by purification via gel permeation chromatography to remove residual free protein, with Sepharose 4B as the mobile phase.…”

A biomimetic magnetosome: formation of iron oxide within carboxylic acid terminated polymersomes

“…23,[31][32][33] Electroporation is a technique widely used in biology for the transformation of DNA into cells by electrically permeablising a cell membrane through application of a pre-determined voltage. 31,32,34,35 The mechanism by which the membrane is permeated has been widely explored, but as yet has not been fully understood. 33,36 Electroporation is the method we exploit to import soluble iron ions into the polymersomes in our previous studies resulting in iron oxide precipitation mainly within the membrane.…”