Encapsulation of urea with alkyd resin-starch membranes for controlled N2 release: Synthesis, characterization, morphology and optimum N2 release

Uzoh, Chigozie F.; Onukwuli, Okechukwu Domnic; Ozofor, Ikenna Henry; Odera, Raphael Stone

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2018.10.015

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…They highlighted that the difference in temperature affects the degradation behavior in enzymatic environments. Similar findings were also reported by Uzoh et al [ 55 ]. The temperature dependence of the linear release rate is represented by Equation (1):

where R lin is the linear release rate,

is the reference standard values of solubility (g cm −3 ),

is the reference standard values of permeability (cm 2 d −1 ), EA c is the activation energy associated with the solubilization of the fertilizer (kJ mol −1 ), EA ps is the activation energy of its permeation through the membrane (kJ mol −1 ), R is the universal gas constant (kJ mol −1 K −1 ) and T is the temperature (K).…”

Section: Important Factors Affecting Crfssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The 7.5% soybean and 5% castor-based coating PU released urea in 40 days, showing that the same performance can be achieved using lower coating thickness and castor-oil based PU. Modified alkyd resin prepared with castor oil or rubber oil blended with starch was prepared by Uzoh et al [ 55 ], agreeing that castor oil can provide superior controlled release properties with lower cost. Bortoletto-Santos et al [ 56 ] further studied that castor-oil based PU also reduces N 2 O emissions without impacting the yield of maize grain.…”

Section: Coating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acidic or alkaline nature of the release medium has a significant effect on the interactions of chemical species in the granule and the diffusion coefficient of the ions [ 98 ]. Rashidzadeh and Olad [ 80 ], Emami et al [ 46 ], Wen et al [ 69 ], Uzoh et al [ 55 ] and Salimi et al [ 70 ] reported that at an acidic environment (pH 2–5), there is a high concentration of H + ions. This causes most of the carboxylate anions (COO − ) to be protonated and prevents anion-anion electrostatic repulsion in the network, decreasing the swelling capacity.…”

Section: Important Factors Affecting Crfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controlled Release Fertilizers: A Review on Coating Materials and Mechanism of Release

Lawrencia

Wong

Low

et al. 2021

Plants

277

149

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Rising world population is expected to increase the demand for nitrogen fertilizers to improve crop yield and ensure food security. With existing challenges on low nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of urea and its environmental concerns, controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) have become a potential solution by formulating them to synchronize nutrient release according to the requirement of plants. However, the most significant challenge that persists is the “tailing” effect, which reduces the economic benefits in terms of maximum fertilizer utilization. High materials cost is also a significant obstacle restraining the widespread application of CRF in agriculture. The first part of this review covers issues related to the application of conventional fertilizer and CRFs in general. In the subsequent sections, different raw materials utilized to form CRFs, focusing on inorganic and organic materials and synthetic and natural polymers alongside their physical and chemical preparation methods, are compared. Important factors affecting rate of release, mechanism of release and mathematical modelling approaches to predict nutrient release are also discussed. This review aims to provide a better overview of the developments regarding CRFs in the past ten years, and trends are identified and analyzed to provide an insight for future works in the field of agriculture.

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where R lin is the linear release rate,

is the reference standard values of solubility (g cm −3 ),

Section: Important Factors Affecting Crfssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Coating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Important Factors Affecting Crfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controlled Release Fertilizers: A Review on Coating Materials and Mechanism of Release

Lawrencia

Wong

Low

et al. 2021

Plants

277

149

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The adj. R-squared and the predicted R-squared values of 0.8562 and 0.6947 respectively for the quadratic model are in close agreement [42]. Table 7.…”

Section: The Rsm Quadratic Model Anovasupporting

confidence: 60%

Sea Almond as a Promising Feedstock for Green Diesel: Statistical Optimization and Power Rate Law Based Chemical Kinetics of Its Consecutive Irreversible Methanolysis

Esonye¹,

Onukwuli²,

Ofoefule³

et al. 2020

Prunus

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For successful industrial scale-up and effective cost analysis of transesterification process, presentation of complimentary research data from process optimization using statistical design techniques, chemical kinetics and thermodynamics are essential. Full factorial central composite design (FFCCD) was applied for the statistical optimization of base methanolysis of sea almond (Terminalia catappa) seed oil using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with desirability function analysis on quadratic model. Reaction time had the most significant impact on the biodiesel yield. Optimum conditions for biodiesel yield of 93.09 wt% validated at 92.58 wt% were 50.03°C, 2.04 wt% catalyst concentration, 58.5 min and 4.66 methanol/oil molar ratio with overall desirability of 1.00. Ascertained fuel properties of the FAME were in compliance with international limits. GC–MS, FTIR and NMR characterizations confirmed unsaturation and good cold-flow qualities of the biodiesel. Based on power rate law, second-order kinetic model out-performed first-order kinetic model. Rate constants of the triglyceride (TG), diglycerides (DG) and monoglycerides (MG) hydrolysis were in the range of 0.00838–0.0409 wt%/min while activation energies were 12.76, 15.83 and 22.43 kcal/mol respectively. TG hydrolysis to DG was the rate determining step. The optimal conditions have minimal error and would serve as a springboard for industrial scale-up of biodiesel production from T. catappa seed oil.

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“…As the raw material in the AR preparation process contains the inexpensive and naturally renewable LO, which not only saves the fossil resources but also makes the AR biodegradable ,, and is environmentally friendly when AR is used as a carrier in the pesticide-loaded system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Waterborne Lambda-Cyhalothrin/Alkyd Nanoemulsion

Qin

Zhou

et al. 2019

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Inefficient usage and overdosage of conventional pesticide formulations has resulted in large economic losses and environmental pollution due to their poor water solubility and weak adhesion to foliage. In order to develop a green and efficient pesticide formulation, a kind of alkyd resin (AR) based on vegetable oil was first synthesized and used to fabricate the lambda-cyhalothrin/AR (LC/AR) nanoemulsion via in situ phase inverse emulsification, and its properties were then investigated. Results showed that the particle size of the LC/AR nanoemulsion was 50−150 nm with maximum LC loading capacity of as much as 40.9 wt %, high encapsulation efficiency >90%, and great stability in multiple environments. The LC/AR nanoemulsion exhibited better controlled release characteristics compared with LC commercial formulations, and a stronger adhesion on the foliage of the resulted nanoemulsion was also observed, which was attributed to low surface tension and strong interactions with foliar surfaces.

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Encapsulation of urea with alkyd resin-starch membranes for controlled N2 release: Synthesis, characterization, morphology and optimum N2 release

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

Controlled Release Fertilizers: A Review on Coating Materials and Mechanism of Release

Controlled Release Fertilizers: A Review on Coating Materials and Mechanism of Release

Sea Almond as a Promising Feedstock for Green Diesel: Statistical Optimization and Power Rate Law Based Chemical Kinetics of Its Consecutive Irreversible Methanolysis

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Waterborne Lambda-Cyhalothrin/Alkyd Nanoemulsion

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