Encephalocele and associated skull defects

Komolafe, EO; Shokunbi, M T; Malomo, A O; Oluwatosin, Odunayo M; Adeolu, AA; Tahir, C

doi:10.4314/wajm.v22i1.27976

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A previous report suggested that a large skull defect should be reconstructed using a bone graft. 5 In this case, the patient did not undergo bony reconstruction in the primary procedure, and staged cranioplasty was planned. On the other hand, cephalocele is sometimes associated with congenital anomaly including sinus drainage, 3,6,7 so we need to evaluate both bone and underlying structures, particularly the superior sagittal sinus, preoperatively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Venography as a Guide for Cranioplasty in Parietal Cephalocele

Yamashita

Daizo²,

Shimada³

2014

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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We present cranioplasty for a patient who underwent encephalocele surgery during infancy. Preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography venography showed the skull defect and abnormal running of the superior sagittal sinus in simultaneous images. Using computed tomography venography images as a guide, we could safely harvest full-thickness calvarial bone from the contralateral side of the superior sagittal sinus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Venography as a Guide for Cranioplasty in Parietal Cephalocele

Yamashita

Daizo²,

Shimada³

2014

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…Earlier studies recorded ratio of myelomeningocele to encephalocele to be 3:1 in Nigeria and 8:1 in South Africa. 15,16 Prevention is certainly the best form of therapy. Primary prevention of CNS malformations is limited; with the exception of NTDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic and clinical characteristics of central nervous system congenital anomalies: A one year review of cases managed at UDUTH Sokoto

Ali Lasseini,

Aliyu Muhammad Koko,

Ashafa Birnin Gwari Isa

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Background: The spectrum of CNS congenital anomalies varies from one geographical location to another across the globe. This essentially can be solitary or multiple and can be cranial, spinal, combination of both cranial and spinal or others. The understanding of their distribution in each location could determine local workforce and facility needs and as well guide in the areas of sub specialization. Objective: The aim of this study is to document the pattern of CNS congenital anomalies cases that had surgical intervention, at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective hospital based study from January, 2021 to December, 2021 of all patients with CNS congenital anomalies who had surgical intervention at the Neurosurgery Department, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria. Results: A total of 49 cases presented to our facility and had surgical interventions for central nervous system congenital anomaly. Of those 49 cases with CNS Congenital anomalies, there were 25 (51.0%) males and 24(48.98%) females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.04: 1. The median age was 185 days, with age range of 2– 364days. Overall, the most commonly diagnosed neurosurgical CNS congenital anomalies in order of decreasing frequency were Congenital hydrocephalus 20 (40.82%), Myelomeningocele 14 (28.57%), Encephalocele 10 (20.41%), combination of Hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele 8(16.33%), Meningocele 3(6.12%), Lipomeningocele 1( 2.00%), Dandy walker malformation 1( 2.00%) , and Dandy variant1(2.00%) . Conclusions: NTDs (Myelomeningocele, Meningocele and lipomeningocele) were the most common CNS anomalies (55.10%). However, congenital hydrocephalus, Myelomeningocele, Encephalocele, Hydrocephalus + MM, and Meningocele are common in our environment in decreasing frequency. Though, Lipomeningocele, Dandy walker malformation and dandy variant are relatively rare. Understanding of this distribution may guide service expansion and workforce needs, inspire sub specialization as well as direct research and government policy in this community.

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“…The prognosis of occipital encephalocele mainly depends on the size and the amount of herniated tissues, as large amount can increase the risk of mental and physical retardation,[1521] chances of CSF leakage, and wound infection. [3522]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20] The prognosis of occipital encephalocele mainly depends on the size and the amount of herniated tissues, as large amount can increase the risk of mental and physical retardation, [1,5,21] chances of CSF leakage, and wound infection. [3,5,22] Postoperative complications are mainly hydrocephalus that can also happen preoperatively and may need ventricular drainage. [5] However, it must be carefully drained as removing large amount of CSF fluid can lead to electrolyte imbalance especially in neonates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Cable suturing technique” a dural obliteration method for the prevention of cerebellar herniation through a large occipital meningocele

et al. 2019

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The authors present a patient who had a large occipital meningocele, which was transformed into an encephalocele after primary closure due to a large skull defect. Thus, the technical importance of classifying patients with occipital meningocele with a large skull defect and a tight dural obliteration is crucial, not to leave a wide dead space with a potential risk of cerebellar herniation. Encephalocele and meningocele are embryological anomalies, which result in intracranial structures herniation due to inborn skull defect. Acquired encephalocele may develop through the same defect with normal cerebellar tissues; since the prognosis of occipital encephalocele may worsen as the size of herniation increases, the patient underwent a modified dural obliteration technique (Cable Suturing Technique) to adjust the size of the dura and to strengthen it to prevent the risk of future herniation followed by cranioplasty and the cerebellar herniation regressed significantly after the procedure.

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Encephalocele and associated skull defects

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Venography as a Guide for Cranioplasty in Parietal Cephalocele

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Venography as a Guide for Cranioplasty in Parietal Cephalocele

Demographic and clinical characteristics of central nervous system congenital anomalies: A one year review of cases managed at UDUTH Sokoto

“Cable suturing technique” a dural obliteration method for the prevention of cerebellar herniation through a large occipital meningocele

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