Encephalopathy after COVID-19 vaccination during treatment with nivolumab: A case report

Takenaka, Megumi; Nakamori, Masahiro; Ishikawa, Rouyi; Aoki, Shiro; Makino, Hírofumi

doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107632

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Subsequent screening of titles and abstracts led to 39 studies being deemed eligible for full‐text assessment. After full‐text screening, 27 studies 13,14,16,18,31–53 were determined to meet eligibility criteria and included in the review (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven case reports [47][48][49][50][51][52][53] were included, which reported irAEs of cancer patients receiving COVID-19 vaccine and ICIs. Five patients received BNT162b2, One of the patients presented necrotising myopathy (melanoma), second patient presented autoimmune hepatitis (lung cancer), third patient presented diabetic ketoacidosis (lung cancer), fourth patient presented autoimmune encephalitis (parotid gland cancer), and fifth patient exacerbation of psoriasis (liver cancer).…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological response and immune‐related adverse events following COVID‐19 vaccination in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Wang,

Chen,

Pan

et al. 2023

Reviews in Medical Virology

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With the popularity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine and the development of vaccination strategies, the impact of COVID‐19 vaccine on cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is still unclear. In the systematic review and meta‐analysis of patients with ICIs, we assessed the serological response of cancer patients receiving COVID‐19 vaccine, and explored the risk of immune related adverse events (irAEs). We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library as of 10 June 2023, and included cancer patients who received ICIs and COVID‐19 vaccine. The systematic review and meta‐analysis include cohort study, cross‐sectional study and case report. The outcome included the serological response, Spike‐specific T‐cell response, irAEs and rare adverse events. When possible, the data were analysed by random effect analysis, and the statistical heterogeneity was assessed by Q‐test and I2 statistics. We explored the sources of heterogeneity through L’Abbe plots, Galbraith radial plots, and sensitivity analysis. The publication bias was evaluated by Egger's, Begg's linear regression test and funnel plot, and the impact of publication bias was further analysed by trim and fill method. 27 studies were eligible (19 cohort studies, 1 cross‐sectional study and 7 case reports), involving 8331 patients (with 4724 receiving ICIs). Most studies used mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA‐1273). Compared with cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, cancer patients receiving ICIs were significantly more likely to have seroconversion (RR = 1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.10, P = 0.02). There were no statistically significant differences in seroconversion rates when comparing cancer patients receiving ICIs with controls without cancer (RR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.89–1.01, P = 0.09) or with cancer patients receiving targeted therapy (RR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.79–1.39, P = 0.75). The incidence of irAEs in patients receiving ICIs before and after COVID‐19 vaccination was (21.96%, 95%CI 16.66%–28.94%) and (14.88%, 95%CI 8.65%–25.57%), respectively. The most common irAEs were endocrine abnormalities, skin disorders, etc. The certainty of evidence was low in cancer patients with ICIs, compared with those receiving chemotherapy, and very low versus controls without cancer. Cancer patients treated with ICIs seem to be able to receive COVID‐19 vaccine safely without increasing the incidence of irAEs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%