Enchanted (and Disenchanted) Amazonia: Environmental Ethics and Cultural Identity in Northern Brazil

Hoefle, Scott William

doi:10.1080/13668790902753112

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Great injustices have occurred in a case from the Upper Amazon, while open conflict was replaced by uneasy co-existence in a second case from the Lower Tapajós. In contrast to these cases, an alliance between indigenes and riverine peasants was forged in the Middle Tapajós in reaction to changing national politics Sources: Bicalho and Hoefle (2008, 2010, 2012, 2015; Hoefle (2009Hoefle ( , 2012Hoefle ( , 2013 in which variation at the level of individuals is provided.…”

Section: Overcoming Conflict Between Ethnic Territories and Conservat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

What are indigenous and traditional populations? A relational approach to ethnic territories and conservation in Brazil

Bicalho

Hoefle

2022

Hrv. geogr. glas.

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This article explores the contradictory relationship between identity politics and environmental conservation in Brazil. First, the rationale for setting aside territories for ethnic groups in Brazil that have been historically discriminated against is examined and legal definitions for such traditional populations are presented. Second, ethnographic and philosophical critiques of essentialized ethnic identity are used to highlight how traditionality and conservation are conflated in Brazilian environmental policies. These policies, in turn, are related to another bundle of contradictions in Western bio-centric preservation which (erroneously) essentializes nature and excludes the human presence from within reserves. Research findings from two remote regions located in critical biomes for conservation in Brazil are presented succinctly to illustrate different kinds of contradictions between ethnic territories and conservation. In conclusion, a relational research agenda is offered which avoids the pitfalls of essentialized identity and nature.

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Section: Overcoming Conflict Between Ethnic Territories and Conservat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

What are indigenous and traditional populations? A relational approach to ethnic territories and conservation in Brazil

Bicalho

Hoefle

2022

Hrv. geogr. glas.

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“…The ‘developing ongoing discussions’ depicted by Laws (, 1) around ‘geographies of enchantment, magic and spirituality’ are wide‐ranging and inter‐connected. They have spread beyond cultural and historical geography and into indigenous and development geographies (Hoefle ; Panelli ; see also Meyer and Pels ), environmental geography (Gergan ; Matless ) and urban geography (Kaika and Swyngedouw ). Indeed, Woodyer and Geoghegan (, 196) use the theme of enchantment to weave together a new story for the discipline, finding a desire for ‘wonder’ and what they call the ‘sensory experience of unintelligibility’ running through 19th‐century landscape romanticism and on into humanistic geography, non‐representational geography and ‘the burgeoning field of “spectro‐geographies”’ (2012, 205).…”

Section: Geographies Of Modern Magic and Walkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The enchanted path: magic and modernism in psychogeographical walking

Bonnett

2017

Trans Inst British Geog

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Geographers have a developing interest in the place of enchantment and the 'extra-ordinary' in the modern city. The paper shows that magic has a significant role in the work of many psychogeographical writers, artists and activists, and argues that this phenomenon needs to be understood in the context of the wider use of magic as a site and symbol of creativity and subversion in modernist cultural expression. Drawing on a survey of British psychogeographical forms and a more detailed study of three London literary examples, it examines how psychogeographical walkers have expanded and developed 'magical modernism'. Across the varied terrain of psychogeographical walking, magic is used to conjure an openness and vulnerability to voices 'hidden' in the landscape. As well as providing more in-depth discussion of these themes, the three examples of London psychogeography that I explore complicate them by illustrating further specific and diverse uses of magic -namely, magic as environmentalist critique, magic as humour/humour as magic and magic as activism.

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“…4. See Hoefle (2009) for a comparative study of environmental ethics and cultural identity in the Amazon. 5.…”

Section: Deforestation or Carbon Colonialism?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the 1970s and 1980s this process was extremely violent on the expanding frontier but from the 1990s onward the Brazilian Land Office (Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária, INCRA) defused much of the tension by registering the land of squatters. Today, the highly deforested landscapes of areas of consolidated settlement behind the advancing frontier are far more contentious, where in places like El Dourado do Carajás peasants struggle to gain access to the limited resources still available (Aldrich et al., 2012; Bicalho and Hoefle, 2008; Hoefle, 2006; Simmons, 2007).…”

Section: Global Commodity Chains Frontier Peasants Deforestation and Carbon Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others complained about living on a diet of salted beef and manioc meal at the same time that a successful operator would spare no expense to celebrate a birthday, to the point of flying in imported whisky and luxury foods. Apart from this, the only other leisure activity after hours was heavy drinking of cheap cane spirits, which is a classic source of violence on highly masculine mining frontiers of the past and present (Hine and Faragher, 2000; Hoefle, 2006). There were some woman prospectors in the gold camps and one commented about her present life in contrast to that of the gold camps, ‘This place is peaceful, I live on my own land and nobody comes around [drunk] bothering me at night’.…”

Section: From Poverty To Squalor In Amazonian Gold Rushesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond carbon colonialism: Frontier peasant livelihoods, spatial mobility and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon

Hoefle

2013

Critique of Anthropology

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Regional trends of global significance involving frontier peasants in deforestation are seen through the eyes of those who produce them in remote places of the Amazon, where during their lives thousands of settlers from the underdeveloped North-east of Brazil have moved from frontier farming to gold prospecting and back again. Going beyond simplistic environmental rhetoric blaming slash-and-burn agriculture for global problems with carbon emissions, local perceptions of life paths and rural livelihoods are scrutinized to show how settlers escaped from desperate poverty in their place of origin but wound up living in degrading conditions of gold prospecting and finally arrived at their current situation as struggling but independent frontier farmers in western Pará state. As this relative improvement in livelihood comes at a cost of deforestation due to the unsustainable nature of frontier farming and risks recreating the social problems of the North-east in the North, it is argued that proposed solutions to reduce environmental degradation and poverty in the Amazon will also have to address issues of underdevelopment in the North-east in order to overcome the problems which compel so many peasants to emigrate from that region.

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Enchanted (and Disenchanted) Amazonia: Environmental Ethics and Cultural Identity in Northern Brazil

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

What are indigenous and traditional populations? A relational approach to ethnic territories and conservation in Brazil

What are indigenous and traditional populations? A relational approach to ethnic territories and conservation in Brazil

The enchanted path: magic and modernism in psychogeographical walking

Beyond carbon colonialism: Frontier peasant livelihoods, spatial mobility and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon

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