Encoding of Conditioned Taste Aversion in Cortico-Amygdala Circuits

Lavi, Karen; Jacobson, Gilad A.; Rosenblum, Kobi; Lüthi, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.053

Cited by 73 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Some forms of taste learning, such as social transmission of food preferences (Bunsey and Eichenbaum, 1995;Countryman et al, 2005), are considered to be hippocampal dependent; other paradigms (e.g., conditioned taste aversion) undergo variable effects after hippocampal lesions (Yamamoto et al, 1995;Stone et al, 2005;Chinnakkaruppan et al, 2014). Future studies in which individual neurons are recorded during taste learning, which have been informative when focused on other nodes of the taste system (Grossman et al, 2008;Lavi et al, 2018), may help to decipher how the hippocampus encodes tastes and contexts to guide future food choices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Taste and Place Coding in the Hippocampus

et al. 2019

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An animal's survival depends on finding food and the memory of food and contexts are often linked. Given that the hippocampus is required for spatial and contextual memory, it is reasonable to expect related coding of space and food stimuli in hippocampal neurons. However, relatively little is known about how the hippocampus responds to tastes, the most central sensory property of food. In this study, we examined the taste-evoked responses and spatial firing properties of single units in the dorsal CA1 hippocampal region as male rats received a battery of taste stimuli differing in both chemical composition and palatability within a specific spatial context. We identified a subset of hippocampal neurons that responded to tastes, some of which were place cells. These taste and place responses had a distinct interaction: taste-responsive cells tended to have less spatially specific firing fields and place cells only responded to tastes delivered inside their place field. Like neurons in the amygdala and lateral hypothalamus, hippocampal neurons discriminated between tastes predominantly on the basis of palatability, with taste selectivity emerging concurrently with palatability-relatedness; these responses did not reflect movement or arousal. However, hippocampal taste responses emerged several hundred milliseconds later than responses in other parts of the taste system, suggesting that the hippocampus does not influence real-time taste decisions, instead associating the hedonic value of tastes with a particular context. This incorporation of taste responses into existing hippocampal maps could be one way that animals use past experience to locate food sources.Finding food is essential for animals' survival and taste and context memory are often linked. Although hippocampal responses to space and contexts have been well characterized, little is known about how the hippocampus responds to tastes. Here, we identified a subset of hippocampal neurons that discriminated between tastes based on palatability. Cells with stronger taste responses typically had weaker spatial responses and taste responses were confined to place cells' firing fields. Hippocampal taste responses emerged later than in other parts of the taste system, suggesting that the hippocampus does not influence taste decisions, but rather associates the hedonic value of tastes consumed within a particular context. This could be one way that animals use past experience to locate food sources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Taste and Place Coding in the Hippocampus

et al. 2019

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“…Rodent studies further demonstrated roles for the IC in multisensory (Gogolla, Takesian, Feng, Fagiolini, & Hensch, 2014; Rodgers, Benison, Klein, & Barth, 2008) and pain processing (Tan et al, 2017), representation of valence (Wang et al, 2018), learning and memory (Bermúdez-Rattoni, Okuda, Roozendaal, & McGaugh, 2005; Lavi, Jacobson, Rosenblum, & Lüthi, 2018), social interactions (Rogers-Carter et al, 2018), gustation (Peng et al, 2015; Wang et al, 2018), drug cravings and malaise (Contreras, Ceric, & Torrealba, 2007), and aversive states such as hunger, thirst, and anxiety (Gehrlach et al, 2019; Livneh et al, 2017, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A whole-brain connectivity map of mouse insular cortex

Gehrlach

Gaitanos

Klein

et al. 2020

Preprint

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1The insular cortex (IC) plays key roles in emotional and regulatory brain functions and is 2 affected across psychiatric diseases. However, the brain-wide connections of the mouse IC have 3 not been comprehensively mapped. Here we traced the whole-brain inputs and outputs of the 4 mouse IC across its rostro-caudal extent. We employed cell-type specific monosynaptic rabies 5 virus tracings to characterize afferent connections onto either excitatory or inhibitory IC neurons, 6 and adeno-associated viral tracings to label excitatory efferent axons. While the connectivity 7 between the IC and other cortical regions was highly reciprocal, the IC connectivity with 8 subcortical structures was often unidirectional, revealing prominent top-down and bottom-up 9pathways. The posterior and medial IC exhibited resembling connectivity patterns, while the 10 anterior IC connectivity was distinct, suggesting two major functional compartments. Our results 11 provide insights into the anatomical architecture of the mouse IC and thus a structural basis to 12 guide investigations into its complex functions. 13 50 subdivisions for the two major neuronal subclasses that is excitatory pyramidal neurons and 51 inhibitory interneurons. 52 Results 53 4 Viral tracing approach to reveal the input-output connectivity of the mouse 54 IC 55To map the connectivity of the entire mouse IC, we injected viral tracers into three evenly spaced 56 locations along the rostro-caudal axis with the aim of comprehensively tracing from its entire 57 extent and to assess possible parcellation of the mouse IC into connectivity-based subdomains. 58The most anterior region, aIC ranged from +2.45 mm to +1.20 mm from Bregma; the medial 59 part, mIC, from +1.20 mm to +0.01 mm from Bregma, and the posterior part, pIC, from +0.01 60 mm to -1.22 mm from Bregma (see also Fig. 1c). 61 In order to trace the monosynaptic inputs to the IC we utilized a modified SAD∆G-eGFP(EnvA) 62 rabies virus (RV), which has been shown to label monosynaptic inputs to selected starter cells 63 with high specificity (Wall, Wickersham, Cetin, De La Parra, & Callaway, 2010; Wickersham, 64 Finke, Conzelmann, & Callaway, 2007). This virus lacks the genes coding for the rabies virus 65 glycoprotein (G) and is pseudotyped with the avian viral envelope EnvA. This restricts its 66 infection to neurons expressing the avian TVA receptor and to monosynaptic retrograde infection 67of afferents ( Fig. 1a). We infected the IC of CamKIIα-Cre and GAD2-Cre expressing mouse 68 lines to specifically target TVA and rabies virus glycoprotein expression to excitatory pyramidal 69 or inhibitory interneurons, respectively (see Fig. 1a and Methods). 70 In order to trace and quantify the axonal projections (outputs) of the IC, we injected Cre-71 dependent adeno-associated virus (AAV2/5-DIO-eYFP) into CamKIIα-Cre and GAD2-Cre 72 transgenic mice (see Fig 1b and Methods). We did not observe long-range projections from IC 73 GAD2-Cre tracings (data not shown). Therefore, we here only present outputs from exc...

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“…Relatively less work has been done in mice, an animal model that offers easier access to genetic tools to manipulate and visualize neuronal activity. Although a considerable amount of studies have investigated either spatial features of cortical taste-evoked activity in-vivo (Chen et al 2011;Fletcher et al 2017;Lavi et al 2018;Livneh et al 2017) or taste behavior (Graham et al 2014;Peng et al 2015), limited information is available on cortical taste electrophysiology in awake mice. One recent study described how GC neurons encoded gustatory information when taste stimuli were injected into the mouths of alert mice via intraoral cannulas (IOCs) (Levitan et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical processing of chemosensory and hedonic features of taste in active licking mice

Bouaichi

Vincis

2020

Preprint

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ABSTRACTIn the last two decades, a considerable amount of work has been devoted to investigating the neural processing and dynamics of the primary taste cortex of rats. Surprisingly, much less information is available on cortical taste electrophysiology in awake mice, an animal model that is taking a more prominent role in taste research. Here we present electrophysiological evidence demonstrating how the gustatory cortex (GC) encodes information pertaining the basic taste qualities (sweet, salty, sour, and bitter) when stimuli are actively sampled through licking, the stereotyped behavior by which mice control the access of fluids in the mouth. Mice were trained to receive each stimulus on a fixed ratio schedule in which they had to lick a dry spout six times to receive a tastant on the seventh lick. Electrophysiological recordings confirmed that GC neurons encode both chemosensory and hedonic aspects of actively sampled tastants. In addition, our data revealed two other main findings; GC neurons encoded information about taste identity in as little as 120 ms. Consistent with the ability of GC neurons to rapidly encode taste information, nearly half of the recorded neurons exhibited spiking activity that was entrained to licking at rates up to 8 Hz. Overall, our results highlight how the GC of mice processes tastants when they are actively sensed through licking, reaffirming and expanding our knowledge on cortical taste processing.NEW & NOTEWORTHYRelatively little information is available on the neural dynamics of taste processing in the mouse gustatory cortex (GC). In this study we investigate how the GC encodes information of the qualities and hedonics of a broad panel of gustatory stimuli when tastants are actively sampled through licking. Our results show that the GC neurons broadly encode taste qualities but also process taste hedonics and licking information in a temporally dynamic manner.

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Encoding of Conditioned Taste Aversion in Cortico-Amygdala Circuits

Cited by 73 publications

References 33 publications

Interaction of Taste and Place Coding in the Hippocampus

Interaction of Taste and Place Coding in the Hippocampus

A whole-brain connectivity map of mouse insular cortex

Cortical processing of chemosensory and hedonic features of taste in active licking mice

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