“…As a result, many institutions have begun to develop short-term courses for the enhancement of essential competencies for undergraduate students and the implementation started with short training sessions (Freud, 2018;Hedge, 2001;Holmes, 2018;Marian Puscas, Sangineto, Culibrk & Sebe, 2015;Phanchalaem, Sujiva & Tangdhanakanond, 2016) provided to improve digital competencies deemed essential for the students. (Akarawang et al, 2015;Kasemsap, 2018;Nosenko, Shyshkina & Oleksiuk, 2018;Roşeanu & Drugaş, 2011;Shyshkina, 2018;Szabo & Marian, 2012;Trip, Vernon & McMahon, 2007) To strengthen the effort, many education institutions in Thailand came together to formulate a fundamental framework for digital competencies. Nonetheless, it was not clear, in detail, what essential components there should be for the graduate level as each higher-education institution tends to have its unique conditions and missions of existence.…”