Encouraging early defibrillation: The American Heart Association and automated external defibrillators

Cummins, Richard O.; Thies, William; Paraskos, John A; Kerber, Richard E.; Billi, John E.; Seidel, James S.; Jaffe, Allan S.; Flint, Loring S; Ornato, Joseph P.; Abramson, Norman S.; Brown, Charles K.; Chandra, Nisha; Gonzalez, Edgar R.; Newell, L; Stults, Kenneth R.; Membrino, George E.; Pepe, Paul E.

doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)82282-6

Cited by 55 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For example, early defibrillation is spreading rapidly, stimulated by the new technology of automated external defibrillators. [24][25][26]84 Many systems, including hospital and outpatient settings, are giving this approach serious consideration.2526,85-87 However, they need to know the relative merits of alternative approaches. Managers and medical directors have started to seriously examine the economic effect of widespread use of paramedics, in both the United States and Europe, and ambulance-doctors in Europe.…”

Section: The Glasgow-pittsburgh Outcome Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the Utstein Style. A statement for health professionals from a task force of the American Heart Association, the European Resuscitation Council, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and the Australian Resuscitation Council.

et al. 1991

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Section: The Glasgow-pittsburgh Outcome Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the Utstein Style. A statement for health professionals from a task force of the American Heart Association, the European Resuscitation Council, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and the Australian Resuscitation Council.

et al. 1991

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“…This educational material was 48 intended for a variety of groups, including prehospital emergency responders, which would include fire personnel (Cummins, Thies, Paraskos et al, 1990 (Cummins and Thies, 1991, p.93) They called for these programmes, which had been endorsed by the International Association of Fire Chiefs, to be stopped as they;…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Training lay-people to use automatic external defibrillators: Are all of their needs being met?

2006

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This thesis draws upon data gathered during research undertaken with a grant from the Resuscitation Council (UK). It explores the use of Automatic External Defibrillators (AEDs) by laypeople, which is known as Public Access Defibrillation (PAD). Whilst an abundance of research has been undertaken about this phenomenon, it has predominately been conducted using quantitative methods; however the data I am using was collected using a qualitative approach. During the research, fifty-three semi-structured interviews were carried out. Most of these were with laypeople who had been trained to use AEDs, and nine involved those who delivered the training. These interviews were conducted at sites typical of those where these devices have been introduced, such as railway stations and airports. The geographical area of these locations covered the East and West Midlands, South and West Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and Essex. The aims of the research were quite broad and included exploring how to make training more realistic, how debriefing and support for those who had used an AED should be organised and how the interviewees perceived the technology inherent in the AED.This thesis reanalyses the data that was collected during that research and focuses on two themes. Firstly, some of the theories of technologies in transition are used to illustrate how AEDs were developed in a laboratory and progressed from that setting to become commonplace in public locations. The actor-network theory is adopted to argue that these technological devices exert an influence on the human actors in the networks that exist within society. Specifically, my analysis is informed by the work of Timmermans (1998; 1999; 1997) whose theories about external chest compressions I have developed and applied to AEDs. They suggest that these devices achieved universality, in part, through the influence of debates and medical protocols.One significant factor was that AEDs allowed for defibrillation to be redefined from a medical, to a first aid procedure. Eventually, using these devices was included in the protocols for first aid and this legitimised their use by laypeople. These theories are observable in the data through the interviewees" accounts of how they came to accept being trained to use AEDs. The experiences of those who had used an AED during a resuscitation attempt are provided and suggest that these are distressing and unpleasant events.Consequently, a key component of this thesis is a discussion of the necessity to provide psychological debriefing for those who have been involved in these incidents.The findings of this thesis suggest that laypeople who have used an AED usually have questions about the actions they took during the attempted resuscitation and need to address these with someone soon afterwards.

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“…With these improvements and the recognition of time to defibrillation as 1 of the most critical, if not the most important, factors in clinical outcome, AED use by laypersons has developed widespread support. 9 More widespread use of AEDs may significantly affect response times for OHCA and therefore survival. In large measure, wider availability of AEDs means that lay users will increase in number.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%