Encrypted optical fiber tag based on encoded fiber Bragg grating array

Abstract

Optical fibers are typically used in telecommunications services for transmission of data, fiber tags are essential to distinguish between different transmission fibers or channels to ensure the working functions of the communication system. Traditional physical entity marking method for fiber labelling is bulk in size, easy confusion and most importantly the label information can be easilly accessed by all potential users. In this work, we propose an encrypted optical fiber tag based on encoded fiber Bragg grating array fabricated by a pointby-point femtosecond laser pulse chain inscription method. Gratings with different resonant wavelengths and reflectivities can be achieved by adjusting the grating period and refractive index modulations. It is demonstrated a binary data sequence carried by a fiber tag can be inscribed into the fiber core in the form of FBG array, and the data can be encryted by proper design of the spatial distributions of FBGs with varing reflection wavelengths and reflectivities.The proposed fiber tag technology could be used for port identification, encrypted data storage and transmission in fiber networks.

Femtosecond laser ultrafast photothermal exsolution

“…Employing higher power lasers accompanied by further increasing scan speed to m•s −1 can make this technique more efficient and practical for industrial applications, rather than being limited in the lab-scale. From material perspective, black and darkblue ZrO 2 can also be potentially applied as solar absorbers [24,52], pigments and dyes [53], and in decoration, implant dentistry [54], photocatalyst [55] fields; while from technique perspective, the applications of our method is as well compatible with those of fs laser ablation/structuring, patterning, and material synthesis within the scope of optics/photonics [56][57][58][59][60][61], energy [62], photoelectronic [63], flexible electronics [64], wettability [65,66], biomimetic [67], bubble/gas manipulation [68], stimulus-responsive interfaces [69], miniaturized robotics [70], fundamental studies [71][72][73][74], etc.…”