End-of-Life Vehicles Management and Initial Estimation of the Material Flow From Elv in Vietnam

Abstract

End-of-life vehicles (ELV) can be considered as a specific scrap source in Vietnam that is out of the Government control. This research is the initial research in Vietnam for the estimation of ELV flow and the determination of material flow from an ELV. For the estimation of ELV in Vietnam, a combination tool using the population balance model, logistic function and Weibull distribution is applied. It is estimated that the owner rate of car in household is quickly increased, and thus, increases the number of car and the ELV. By the 2030, the owner rate in household reach 0.13 unit per household, double it is in 2022 and 10 times higher in 2012. Up to 2030, nearly 190.000 passenger cars will be discarded, equals with the accumulated outdated automobiles up to 2019. In the case of a common passenger car, it is found that more than a half of an ELV (57%, in weight) can be reused in Vietnam, including mostly engine parts, wheels, air bag, speaker, chassis or mirror. About one third (32%) can be recycled as secondary material resources, including mostly metal parts, some types of plastic and rubber. The rest (11%) that cannot be reused or recycled is dumped without control around the dismantling site, causes many harmful impacts to environment and public health.While ELV is classified into groups of equipment that are needed to retrieve and treat by the producers under Decision 16/2015/QĐ-TTg, Vietnam do not have any proper legislation to control this waste flow, as well as any formal facility to treat it. Thus, it is still hanging for Vietnamese Government to improve the legislation and management infrastructure for the application of Extended Producer Responsibility system to manage this type of waste.

A Review of Supply Chain Uncertainty Management in the End-of-Life Vehicle Industry

“…In addition, Pourjavad and Mayorga [114] analysed the uncertainties related to determining the best strategies for ELVs based on end-user needs. Azmi and Tokai [115], Ene and Öztürk [116], and Nguyen [119] analysed the uncertainties in relation to the ELV population in later years. Zhang and Chen [117] examined the uncertainties in the ELV disassembly line for the ELV recovery process.…”

“…Additionally, other quantitative methods employed to solve the uncertainties include the combination of interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and analytic network process (ANP) [94], CBA [102], SD method [115], arena simulation [117], fuzzy interpretive structural modelling (FISM) [98], and material flow analysis (MFA) [110]. Other than that, there are several quantitative methods for forecasting that were used to solve the uncertainties, for example, the Weibull distribution function [99,108,109,111,113], grey modelling [116], the combination of grey modelling and exponential smoothing [105], life distribution function [107], and logistic function and Weibull distribution function [119]. Finally, Li et al [112] suggested reducing the uncertainty of production and operations by reconstructing chain facilities using the system layout design (SLP) method.…”