Endémie bilharzienne à Schistosoma mansoni à la vallée du Kou : caractérisation du système de transmission et impact socioéconomique

Kpoda, Noëllie W.; Sorgho, Herman; Poda, Jean-Noël; Ouédraogo, Jean Bosco; Kabré, Gustave B.

doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2013.04.008

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Successful human infection by cercariae strongly depends on water contact frequency and duration, which in turn are determined by the socio-economic activities of the populations [ 32 , 37 ]. For this reason, urban areas are potentially less favourable schistosomiasis transmission sites given the lower human-to-water contact opportunities relative to the number of inhabitants, which needs to be encompassed into the single parameters of exposure[contamination] rate for the whole population of a node i .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…θ = θ ′, as in [ 12 ]) based on the size of each node. The underlying hypothesis is that in Burkina Faso densely populated urban centres have low contamination/exposure rates with respect to small rural settlements where a large fraction of socio-economic activities entail human-contaminated water contacts [ 31 , 32 ]. The resulting contact rate θ i in node i is thus, that is a sigmoid decreasing function of population size.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a marked climatic seasonality in Burkina Faso determines the ephemerality of waterbodies and hydrological networks, hence of potential transmission, thus strongly conditioning several epidemiological characteristics of the disease [ 20 ]. Not only do climatic and environmental conditions greatly limit the ecological ranges of the intermediate hosts of the disease, but they also underpin the patterns of human-water contacts during socio-economic and domestic activities through which both exposure to infection and contamination of waterbodies occur [ 29 – 32 ]. In Burkina Faso agricultural activities (market gardening or maraîchage , rice culture) and fishing (in reservoirs or rivers) are the main causes of male human-water contacts, whereas domestic activities (laundry, dish washing, water collection) are the main factors of exposure to infection for women [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only do climatic and environmental conditions greatly limit the ecological ranges of the intermediate hosts of the disease, but they also underpin the patterns of human-water contacts during socio-economic and domestic activities through which both exposure to infection and contamination of waterbodies occur [ 29 – 32 ]. In Burkina Faso agricultural activities (market gardening or maraîchage , rice culture) and fishing (in reservoirs or rivers) are the main causes of male human-water contacts, whereas domestic activities (laundry, dish washing, water collection) are the main factors of exposure to infection for women [ 32 , 33 ]. Contamination and exposure for children are known to be mainly associated with recreational bathing in streams, temporary ponds and reservoirs, and participation in parental agricultural activities [ 29 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seasonal variation of human-water contacts has not yet been addressed Burkina Faso to our knowledge. Even rudimentary notions of disease transmission mechanisms and prevention have been reported to be poor in most of the settings that have been investigated [ 21 , 29 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Theoretical Analysis of the Geography of Schistosomiasis in Burkina Faso Highlights the Roles of Human Mobility and Water Resources Development in Disease Transmission

et al. 2015

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We study the geography of schistosomiasis across Burkina Faso by means of a spatially explicit model of water-based disease dynamics. The model quantitatively addresses the geographic stratification of disease burden in a novel framework by explicitly accounting for drivers and controls of the disease, including spatial information on the distributions of population and infrastructure, jointly with a general description of human mobility and climatic/ecological drivers. Spatial patterns of disease are analysed by the extraction and the mapping of suitable eigenvectors of the Jacobian matrix subsuming the stability of the disease-free equilibrium. The relevance of the work lies in the novel mapping of disease burden, a byproduct of the parametrization induced by regional upscaling, by model-guided field validations and in the predictive scenarios allowed by exploiting the range of possible parameters and processes. Human mobility is found to be a primary control at regional scales both for pathogen invasion success and the overall distribution of disease burden. The effects of water resources development highlighted by systematic reviews are accounted for by the average distances of human settlements from water bodies that are habitats for the parasite’s intermediate host. Our results confirm the empirical findings about the role of water resources development on disease spread into regions previously nearly disease-free also by inspection of empirical prevalence patterns. We conclude that while the model still needs refinements based on field and epidemiological evidence, the proposed framework provides a powerful tool for large-scale public health planning and schistosomiasis management.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Theoretical Analysis of the Geography of Schistosomiasis in Burkina Faso Highlights the Roles of Human Mobility and Water Resources Development in Disease Transmission

et al. 2015

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River Networks as Ecological Corridors

Rinaldo

Gatto

Rodrı́guez-Iturbe

2020

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River networks and the transport processes that take place in them provide a natural integrating framework for the study of hydrologic, biologic and ecologic processes in river basins. The profound commonalities existing among all types of river basins and their drainage networks, together with the key role that these structures play in the above dynamics, encourage the search for general behaviours. The aim of this work is to put the basis for a general framework for the analysis of complex system associated with dendritic landscapes. In particular we investigate how the environmental matrix constituted by the ecological corridors defined by the river network could affect patterns and dynamics of the system itself. We first analyze invasion, an ecological process that describe the growth and the spreading of a species in a new territory, finding that the speed of colonization is strongly affected by the structure of the network and the bias of the transport. These hydrological controls provide a null model for the comparison with more complex ecologic processes like the spreading of waterborne diseases. We compare epidemiological data from the real world with the spacetime evolution of infected individuals predicted by a theoretical scheme based on reactive transport of infective agents through a biased network portraying actual river pathways. The scheme is remarkably capable of reproducing actual outbreaks and shows that spatial distribution of different communities and how they are interconnected trough the river network, could indeed affect epidemic dynamics. The previous models are then generalized studying river biogeography.We analyse how the dispersion and growth of several species that compete for the same resources control river biodiversity. We propose a neutral metacommunity model that incorporates network structure. The scheme, along with a proper description of the habitat capacity distribution, is able to simultaneously reproduce several biodiversity patterns of the Missisiippi-Missouri freshwater fishes biota.Overall the results represent a first step toward the understanding of general hydrologic controls on complex ecologic systems. metacomunità che incorpora la struttura della rete. Il modello, assieme ad una appropriata descrizione della capacità portante, è in grado di riprodurre contemporaneamente diverse distribuzioni di biodiversità dei pesci d'acqua dolce che popolano il bacino del Mississippi-Missouri. Complessivamente i risultati raggiunti rappresentano un primo passo verso la comprensione dei controlli idrologici in sistemi ecologici complessi LIST OF FIGURES

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Preface

2020

River Networks as Ecological Corridors

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Endémie bilharzienne à Schistosoma mansoni à la vallée du Kou : caractérisation du système de transmission et impact socioéconomique

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

A Theoretical Analysis of the Geography of Schistosomiasis in Burkina Faso Highlights the Roles of Human Mobility and Water Resources Development in Disease Transmission

A Theoretical Analysis of the Geography of Schistosomiasis in Burkina Faso Highlights the Roles of Human Mobility and Water Resources Development in Disease Transmission

River Networks as Ecological Corridors

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