Endobronchiale Sonographie zur Diagnostik pulmonaler und mediastinaler Tumoren

Abstract

Endobronchial sonography was performed during bronchoscopy in 58 patients (48 males and 10 females; mean age 59 [29-76] years) with confirmed pulmonary or mediastinal tumour using a 6.2 or 9 F ultrasound catheter. The procedure was successfully performed in 50 patients from the trachea down to the smallest bronchi (of 2 mm diameter). Tumour tissue was not visualized in five patients with small peripheral carcinomas. In three patients the catheter probe could not be passed through the tumour region. The method provided a three-dimensional image of the bronchial wall, corresponding to the histological tissue layers of mucosa, cartilage and adventitia. Pulmonary arteries were identified by the echo-free lumen and pulsatile oscillations in calibre. Tumours and lymph-nodes were echo-poor and could thus be distinguished from the echo-rich bronchial wall. Several consequences arose from these findings: laser treatment was not proceeded with in two cases, because a fairly large pulmonary artery lay near the stenosis; in three cases malignant tumours were recognized to lie either entirely intramurally or peribronchially, which had not been seen on bronchoscopy alone. It is concluded from these preliminary observations that endobronchial sonography is a highly promising addition to conventional bronchoscopy.

Endobronchial Ultrasound

“…Thus a 360° view of the tracheobronchial wall and adjacent structures is provided. In 1990 and 1992, Hürter and his co-workers reported the results of the first use of endobronchial sonography 34. They described a high echogenic and trilaminated tracheobronchial wall, the echo-rich and patchy lung parenchyma as well as the echo-poor solid mass of tumors.…”

Endobronchialer Ultraschall zur Diagnostik im Mediastinum

“…Die Erstbeschreibung der endobronchialen Ultraschallanwendung stammt aus dem Jahr 1990 von Hürter und Hanrath [20]. Bevor es jedoch zu einem klinischen Einsatz des EBUS kommen konnte, waren einige technische Probleme zu lösen.…”

Die Rolle des endobronchialen und endoskopischen Ultraschalls in der Pneumologie

“…Hierfür stehen verschiedene EBUS-Techniken und -Sonden zur Auswahl. Hürter und Hanrath [2,3] beschrieben 1990 und 1992 die ersten EBUS-Sonden. Die neueste Entwicklung ist jedoch ein EBUS-Endoskop, das die Darstellung von mediastinalen Raumforderungen und vergrößerten Lymphknoten sowie die transbronchiale Nadelaspiration (TBNA) in Echtzeit ermöglicht.…”