Endocrine Changes Due to Auditory Stress

Sackler, Arthur M.; Weltman, Arthur; Bradshaw, M. J.; Jurtshuk, Peter

doi:10.1530/acta.0.xxxi0405

Cited by 46 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…However, despite the unchanged schedule of restraint, a positive metabolic balance was restored during the later stages of the ex periment (10 and 15 days); the initial endocrine weight alterations either seemed to regress (thymus, adrenal) or were stabilized (ovary, hypophysis). These changes have been shown to be essentially the same regardless of the nature of the systemic stressors used: they are typical manifestations of the alarm reaction and the beginning of the stage of resistance of the general adaptation syndrome [Selye, 1946]; the morphologic responses to stressful stimuli have been analyzed in detail [Selye, 1946[Selye, , 1976 and confirmed by many workers [Herrington and N elbach, 1942;Sackler et al, 1959;Soiva et al, 1959;Reklewska et al, 1972]. They could be related to the hormonal variations reported above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Shift in Adenohypophyseal Activity during Chronic Intermittent Immobilization of Rats

et al. 1976

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Female rats were subjected to 8 h of daily immobilization for 1, 3, 6, 10 or 15 days. Exposure for 3 days inhibited b.w. and induced adrenal enlargement as well as thymus involution; 6 days of stress elicited atrophy of the ovaries and hypophysis. During the later stages of the experiment, the animals showed a positive metabolic balance, and the initial weight alterations of the endocrine glands either tended to regress or were stabilized. On the 6th day, plasma corticosterone reached a peak which was maintained until the end of the experiment, whereas growth hormone (GH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) titers, as determined by radioimmunoassay, fell to 28, 39 and 55% of control values, respectively, following the 1st period of restraint; prolactin (Prl) decreased by 30% after the 3rd day. Thereafter, the plasma concentrations of these hormones remained low, around 40–60% of control levels, although FSH on The 6th day revealed a transient but significant elevation to 180% of initial values. After 15 days of 6-h-daily immobilization, an injection of LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) induced dramatic increases of LH, FSH, Prl and thyrotropin stimulating hormone (TSH) in plasma. On the basis of the morphologic and hormonal changes, it appears that, in agreement with the concept of a shift in adenohypophyseal activity during severe chronic stress, repeated long-term restraint elicits an inverse relationship between the secretion of ACTH and that of GH, LH, Prl and, to a lesser degree, FSH. Such modifications do not seem to be associated with an inability of the pituitary to secrete these hormones, since it is still responsive to releasing factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Shift in Adenohypophyseal Activity during Chronic Intermittent Immobilization of Rats

et al. 1976

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“…Since psychological stress can produce a measurable increase in adrenal weights in rats (22,23), we killed the rats on day 28 and determined the adrenal-and spleen-body weight ratios in all rats in the 3 experimental groups as well as in an age-and sex-matched control group of 20 Wistar rats housed and fed in the same manner for 28 days but not immunized or manipulated. Both ankles of the 60 rats in the second experiment were processed for light microscopy (8).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Psychological Stress on the Induction of Arthritis in Rats

Rogers

Trentham

McCune

et al. 1980

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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To determine whether emotional states could influence susceptibility to type I1 collagen-induced arthritis in rats, we studied the effects of experimentally produced psychological stress on the clinical, histologic, and immunologic manifestations of this autoimmune disease. Stress, induced by exposure to a cat, abrogated the development of arthritis in rats immunized with type I1 collagen. The incidence of arthritis was also decreased in rats subjected to transportation and handling. These environmental factors dissociated the development of humoral and cellular sensitivity to collagen from the occurrence of arthritis. This study provides a unique demonstration that psychosomatic processes can influence an animal model of autoimmunity.From the Departments of Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Harvard Medical School and the

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“…Although there was a tendency for the animals in the experimental groups to show smaller weight gains, these differences were not statistically significant. Sackler, Wittman, Bradshaw, and Jurtshuk (1959) have reported that adult rats exposed to 1l0-dB noise show increases in adrenal gland size, which Sackler et al take as an indicator of a noise-induced stress reaction. We found no differences in adrenal gland weight between our ex~erimental and control animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%