Endocytosis and Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most common cause of dementia. The pathogenesis of AD still remains unclear, including two main hypotheses: amyloid cascade and tau hyperphosphorylation. The hallmark neuropathological changes of AD are extracellular deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Endocytosis plays an important role in a number of cellular processes including communication with the extracellular environment, nutrient uptake, and signaling by the cell surface receptors. Based on the results of genetic and biochemical studies, there is a link between neuronal endosomal function and AD pathology. Taking this into account, we can state that in the results of previous research, endolysosomal abnormality is an important cause of neuronal lesions in the brain. Endocytosis is a central pathway involved in the regulation of the degradation of amyloidogenic components. The results of the studies suggest that a correlation between alteration in the endocytosis process and associated protein expression progresses AD. In this article, we discuss the current knowledge about endosomal abnormalities in AD.

Distinct gut microbiota profiles may characterize amyloid beta pathology and mild cognitive impairment

“…environmental adaptation, (Kress et al 2018)) or brain deficits in the onset of MCI (e.g. endocytosis, (Zadka et al 2024)), however a cautious interpretation of PICRUSt2 findings is warranted. Finally, the sample size was relatively small compared to other studies (Ferreiro et al 2023; Verhaar et al 2021), thus making it difficult to reveal subtle differences between groups.…”

Exploring the Influence of Gut–Brain Axis Modulation on Cognitive Health: A Comprehensive Review of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Symbiotics

“…The development of Alzheimer's disease [69,[88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107] and the mechanisms through which the microbiome can contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease have been investigated . Numerous studies are also available regarding treatments with probiotics [139][140][141][142].…”

“…The development of Alzheimer’s disease [ 69 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 ] and the mechanisms through which the microbiome can contribute to the progression of Alzheimer’s disease have been investigated [ 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 ]. Numerous studies are also available regarding treatments with probiotics […”