Endocytosis, Metastasis and Beyond: Multiple Facets of SNX9

Bendris, Nawal; Schmid, Sandra L.

doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2016.11.001

Cited by 63 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The Cdc42 dependent pathway, also called CLIC/GEEC pathway (Howes et al 2010a; Sabharanjak et al 2002; Ferreira and Boucrot 2018), is responsible for quite a fraction of fluid phase uptake in cells, and it has been reported to take in GPI-anchored proteins, protein toxins that bind glycolipids as well as transmembrane proteins such as CD44; for review see Bendris and Schmid (2017). Perhaps a bit surprising, this Cdc42-dependent form of endocytosis is dynamin independent even though one of the proteins implicated in the process, GRAF1, is able to bind dynamin (Ferreira and Boucrot 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps a bit surprising, this Cdc42-dependent form of endocytosis is dynamin independent even though one of the proteins implicated in the process, GRAF1, is able to bind dynamin (Ferreira and Boucrot 2018). However, in this context GRAF1 seems to function as a GAP for Cdc42 (Bendris and Schmid 2017). Furthermore, SNX9 is a positive regulator of Cdc42, and knockdown of SNX9 reduces the uptake of CD44 (Bendris and Schmid 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in this context GRAF1 seems to function as a GAP for Cdc42 (Bendris and Schmid 2017). Furthermore, SNX9 is a positive regulator of Cdc42, and knockdown of SNX9 reduces the uptake of CD44 (Bendris and Schmid 2017). Interestingly, this sorting nexin is involved also in clathrin-dependent endocytosis and may serve as a negative regulator of RhoA; for a recent review on the role of SNX9 in endocytosis, see Bendris and Schmid (2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, there are two main types of macropinocytosis: one type involving circular ruffles and being dependent on dynamin for pinching off (Orth and McNiven 2006; Itoh and Hasegawa 2013), the other one being dynamin-independent; for recent reviews, see Ferreira and Boucrot (2018) and Marques et al (2017). As for other endocytic mechanisms, SNX9 has been found to be a central player also for macropinocytosis (Bendris and Schmid 2017). As mentioned above, CtBP/BARS is involved in macropinocytosis, and it has been reported that completion of macropinocytosis is dependent on the conversion of phosphoinositides (Maekawa et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Clathrin-independent endocytosis: an increasing degree of complexity

Sandvig

Kavaliauskiene

Skotland

2018

Histochem Cell Biol

164

177

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This article aims at providing an update on the complexity of clathrin-independent endocytosis. It is now almost 30 years since we first wrote a review about its existence; at that time many people believed that with the exception of macropinocytosis, which will only be briefly mentioned in this review, all uptake could be accounted for by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Now it is generally accepted that there are different clathrin-independent mechanisms, some of them regulated by ligands and membrane lipid composition. They can be both dynamin-dependent and -independent, meaning that the uptake cannot be accounted for by caveolae and other dynamin-dependent processes such as tubular structures that can be induced by toxins, e.g. Shiga toxin, or the fast endophilin mediated endocytosis recently described. Caveolae seem to be mostly quite stable structures with other functions than endocytosis, but evidence suggests that they may have cell-type dependent functions. Although several groups have been working on endocytic mechanisms for years, and new advanced methods have improved our ability to study mechanistic details, there are still a number of important questions we need to address, such as: How many endocytic mechanisms does a cell have? How quantitatively important are they? What about the complexity in polarized cells where clathrin-independent endocytosis is differentially regulated on the apical and basolateral poles? These questions are not easy to answer since one and the same molecule may contribute to more than one process, and manipulating one mechanism can affect another. Also, several inhibitors of endocytic processes commonly used turn out to be less specific than originally thought. We will here describe the current view of clathrin-independent endocytic processes and the challenges in studying them.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clathrin-independent endocytosis: an increasing degree of complexity

Sandvig

Kavaliauskiene

Skotland

2018

Histochem Cell Biol

164

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These superstructures integrate functions such as enzymatic pathways, cell motility, protein sorting, signaling, stabilization, plasma membrane targeting of membrane proteins, recycling and cell polarity; in fact, they are involved in cell fate, tumorigenesis, migration, tumor progression and angiogenesis [1,2,3]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commitment of Scaffold Proteins in the Onco-Biology of Human Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastases after Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy

Rotoli

Morales

Ávila

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Scaffold proteins play pivotal roles in the regulation of signaling pathways, integrating external and internal stimuli to various cellular outputs. We report the pattern of cellular and subcellular expression of scaffoldins angiomotin-like 2 (AmotL2), FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP51) and IQ motif containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and metastases in liver resected after oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (CT). Positive immunostaining for the three scaffoldins was found in most cells in healthy colon, tumor, healthy liver and metastasized liver. The patterns of expression of AmotL2, FKBP51 and IQGAP1 show the greatest variability in immune system cells and neurons and glia cells and the least in blood vessel cells. The simultaneous subcellular localization in tumor cells and other cell types within the tumor suggest an involvement of these three scaffoldins in cancer biology, including a role in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition. The display in differential localization and quantitative expression of AmotL2, FKBP51, and IQGAP1 could be used as biomarkers for more accurate tumor staging and as potential targets for anti-cancer therapeutics by blocking or slowing down their interconnecting functions. Tough further research needs to be done in order to improve these assessments.

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Weighted gene coexpression network analysis identifies specific transcriptional modules and hub genes related to intramuscular fat traits in chicken breast muscle

Zhao

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Intramuscular fat (IMF) traits are important factors that influence meat quality. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms that underlie this trait in chickens are still poorly understood at the gene coexpression level.Here, we performed a weighted gene coexpression network analysis between IMF traits and transcriptome profile in breast muscle in the Chinese domestic Gushi chicken breed at 6, 14, 22, and 30 weeks. A total of 26 coexpressed gene modules were identified. Six modules, which included the dark gray, purple, cyan, pink, light cyan, and blue modules, showed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) with IMF traits. The strongest correlation was observed between the dark gray module and IMF content (r = 0.85; P = 4e-04) and between the blue module and different fatty acid content (r = 0.87~0.91; P = 5e-05~2e-04). Enrichment analysis showed that the enrichment of biological processes, such as fatty acid metabolic process, fat cell differentiation, acylglycerol metabolic process, and glycerolipid metabolism were significantly different in the six modules. In addition, the 32, 24, 4, 7, 6, and 25 hub genes were identified from the blue, pink, light cyan, cyan, dark gray, and purple modules, respectively. These hub genes are involved in multiple links to fatty acid metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, diverse cellular behaviors, and cell events. These results provide novel insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms for IMF-related traits in chicken and may also help to uncover the formation mechanism for excellent meat quality traits in local breeds of Chinese chicken. K E Y W O R D S chicken, gene module, hub gene, intramuscular fat traits, weighted gene coexpression network analysis

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Endocytosis, Metastasis and Beyond: Multiple Facets of SNX9

Cited by 63 publications

References 80 publications

Clathrin-independent endocytosis: an increasing degree of complexity

Clathrin-independent endocytosis: an increasing degree of complexity

Commitment of Scaffold Proteins in the Onco-Biology of Human Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastases after Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy

Weighted gene coexpression network analysis identifies specific transcriptional modules and hub genes related to intramuscular fat traits in chicken breast muscle

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