Endogenous amino acid flow in the stomach and small intestine of the young growing pig

Moughan, Paul J.; Leenaars, Marlies

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740600406

Cited by 100 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, there is less information on endogenous N and AA ileal losses in piglets at weaning, because previous studies investigated older and heavier pigs (Huisman et al 1992;Moughan et al 1992;Butts et al 1993;Souffrant et al 1997;Nyachoti et al 2000;Pederson et al 2002). In the few available studies with weaning pigs, the used diets have modified endogenous ileal losses (Darragh & Moughan 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Endogenous ileal losses of nitrogen and amino acids in pigs and piglets fed graded levels of casein

Landín

Souza

2006

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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In order to determine ileal losses of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) and the coefficients of apparent and true ileal digestibility (AID, TID) of N and AA from casein in piglets and pigs, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, 24 piglets were used. The piglets were weaned at 17 days of age, weighing 6.4 kg and cannulated at terminal ileum. Ileal digesta was collected at 28-29 and 35-36 days of age in period 1 and 2, respectively. Feed intake was 150 and 300 g x d(-1) during the first and second period. In Experiment 2, 16 castrates weighing 52.5 kg and cannulated at terminal ileum were used. The intake level of digestible energy was 2.5 times their maintenance requirement. The experiment lasted 7 days and ileal digesta was collected on day 6-7. Treatments consisted of four levels of N from casein: 8, 16, 24 and 32 g N x kg(-1) feed, respectively. Results showed that N level did not increase N or AA ileal losses. In piglets, N and AA ileal losses were similar between periods, except for period 2, where losses per kg DMI were about 47 and 64% higher for glycine and proline, respectively (p < 0.05). When ileal losses from pigs and piglets were compared, piglets had higher (p < 0.05) ileal losses of N and AA (excepted glutamic acid and alanine). A lower (p < 0.05) AID was observed in piglets in period 2 for N, methionine, glutamic acid, glycine and proline. With exception of glycine in pigs, all values for TID of N and AA of casein were superior to 0.90. Piglets had higher TID of N, leucine, isoleucine, valine and phenylalanine. These results showed that piglets have higher ileal losses than pigs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Endogenous ileal losses of nitrogen and amino acids in pigs and piglets fed graded levels of casein

Landín

Souza

2006

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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“…The ileal endogenous amino acid losses (IEAA) in birds fed the PFD diet were calculated using the formula proposed by Moughan et al (1992). The apparent ileal digestibilities of AA were transformed to the standardized digestibility (SID) values with the formula given by Lemme et al (2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in some cereals, rapeseed products and maize DDGS for broiler chickens at the age of 14 days

Szczurek¹

2010

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The experiment was conducted to assess the ileal digestibility values for the purpose of evaluating the ability of 14-day-old broilers to utilize the amino acids (AA) from different plant feeds. The feeds included two cereals: maize and wheat; full-fat seeds of rape (FRS); four local by-product: cold-pressed rapeseed cake (RC1), rapeseed cake from precooked (90°C) seeds (RC2), solvent-extracted rapeseed meal (RSM), maize distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), and soyabean meal (SBM), used as the model protein feed. The standardized ileal digestibilities of AA (SID) were measured using the assay diets containing Cr 2 0 3 as an indigestible marker. A protein-free diet was formulated to estimate the basal ileal endogenous AA losses. Dietary protein in the assay diets was supplied solely by the test ingredients. Each diet was offered for 5 days to 4 replicate cages of 12 birds. For wheat the SID coefficients of most AA were significantly or numerically greater compared with maize. The numerical superiority of the SBM over all the other protein sources tested was found for SID of most AA, with statistically confirmed differences for threonine, tryptophan, serine and tyrosine. Among protein feeds examined DDGS had the lowest digestibility of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan and cystine. Of the four rapeseed feeds, RSM had the lowest digestibility of lysine, histidine, alanine, glycine and serine. Considering the SID of the 18 amino acids, protein-rich feeds tested in this study were ranked as follows: SBM > RC1 > RC2 > FRS > RSM > DDGS. However, the SID values of lysine and methionine in both rapeseed cakes (RC1 and RC2) were comparable to those obtained for SBM.

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“…The ileal endogenous loss of each AA (IEAA) was determined based on the ileal flow in chickens fed the protein-free diet using the formula proposed by Moughan et al (1992):…”

Section: Calculations and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids from several cereal grains and protein-rich feedstuffs in broiler chickens at the age of 30 days

Szczurek¹

2009

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The standardized ileal amino acid (AA) digestibility (SID) of 3 cereals: wheat, barley and maize; 3 feeds with a medium protein content: faba beans, field pea and full-fat rape seeds; and 4 byproducts: solvent-extracted rapeseed meal (RSM), rapeseed expeller cake (RSC), maize distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and soyabean meal (SBM) was measured in 30-day-old broiler chickens. Digestibility values were determined with the direct method using semi-synthetic diets containing Cr 2 O 3 as an indigestible marker. Each diet was offered ad libitum for 5 days to 4 replicate cages of 6 broilers and the ileal contents were collected by the slaughter method. A protein-free diet was fed to assess ileal endogenous AA losses (IEAA). These IEAA values were used to obtain SID coefficients for each of the tested ingredients. Considering the SID values of 14 of the most important AA, the test ingredients were ranked as follows. Within cereal grains: maize > wheat > barley. The exception was the SID of cysteine in maize which was lower compared with that in wheat. Within native seeds: faba beans = peas > rape seeds. However, the SID of methionine was greater in rape as compared with legume seeds. Within by-product feeds: SBM > RSC > RSM > DDGS. However, SID values for valine, phenylalanine and serine in DDGS were comparable to those obtained for SBM and higher than in the two rapeseed products.

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Endogenous amino acid flow in the stomach and small intestine of the young growing pig

Cited by 100 publications

References 21 publications

Endogenous ileal losses of nitrogen and amino acids in pigs and piglets fed graded levels of casein

Endogenous ileal losses of nitrogen and amino acids in pigs and piglets fed graded levels of casein

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in some cereals, rapeseed products and maize DDGS for broiler chickens at the age of 14 days

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids from several cereal grains and protein-rich feedstuffs in broiler chickens at the age of 30 days

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