Endogenous siRNAs Derived from a Pair of Natural cis-Antisense Transcripts Regulate Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis

Borsani, Omar; Zhu, Jianhua; Verslues, Paul E.; Sunkar, Ramanjulu; Zhu, Jian‐Kang

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.11.035

Cited by 991 publications

(956 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Atwrky18 wrky40 double mutants are resistant to powdery mildew infection and strongly up-regulate the expression of SIMILAR TO RCD ONE5 (SRO5) upon infection, suggesting WRKY-dependent suppression of siRNA-generating loci. SRO5 along with PYRROLINE-5-CARBOXYLATE DEHYDROGENASE (an overlapping gene in the antisense orientation) generate 24-and 21-nucleotide siRNAs, which together are components of a regulatory loop controlling reactive oxygen species production and stress response (Borsani et al, 2005). Similar suppression of the host miRNA machinery by bacterially derived effector proteins has recently been demonstrated in Arabidopsis (Navarro et al, 2008).…”

Section: Regulation Via Other Tfs and Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Role of WRKY Transcription Factors in Plant Immunity

2009

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Section: Regulation Via Other Tfs and Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Role of WRKY Transcription Factors in Plant Immunity

2009

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“…However, this analysis did not reveal an abundant number of additional MIR or TAS genes. In addition, this set of small RNAs did not contain the nat-siRNAs because they are only expressed under particular conditions of growth (Borsani et al 2005). It is likely that the sequencing of a larger number of small RNAs from other sources of material will reveal rare or tissue-specific miRNAs, ta-siRNAs, nat-siRNAs, and heterochromatin/repeat sequence siRNAs that have been missed so far.…”

Section: How Many Mirnas Ta-sirnas and Nat-sirnas Exist?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are ∼2000 pairs of natural cis-antisense transcripts in Arabidopsis (Wang et al 2005). nat-siRNAs corresponding to other cis-antisense transcript pairs exist and are detected only under inducible conditions, suggesting that this type of regulation may not be restricted to a single example of overlapping transcripts (Borsani et al 2005). …”

Section: Natural Cis-acting Sirnas As Specific Regulators Of Gene Expmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An additional class of endogenous siRNAs (nat-siRNAs), which derives from pairs of natural cis-antisense transcripts, was recently discovered in Arabidopsis, revealing an endogenous function for DCL2 (Borsani et al 2005). In the case examined, one transcript is expressed constitutively whereas the other is induced by salt treatment.…”

Section: Natural Cis-acting Sirnas As Specific Regulators Of Gene Expmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-transcriptional small RNA pathways in plants: mechanisms and regulations

Vaucheret¹

2006

Genes Dev.

670

510

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For a long period of time, DNA, the support of heredity, and proteins, the actors of the cellular machinery, have been considered the most important components of biological systems. By contrast, RNA was originally considered as an intermediate molecule, bridging the gap between DNA and protein (mRNA), or serving functional roles during splicing (snRNA) and translation (tRNA and rRNA). The recent discovery of an increasing number of large and small non-protein-coding RNAs with specific regulatory roles has changed our view of gene expression. In particular, 20-to 27-nucleotide (nt) small RNAs belonging to two classes, microRNAs (miRNAs) and short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), are known to play essential roles in the four Eukaryote kingdoms (protists, fungi, plants, animals), with the surprising exception of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Small RNAs are involved in a variety of phenomena that are essential for genome stability, development, and adaptive responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Their mode of action also is diverse. They guide DNA elimination during the formation of the macronucleus in protists and heterochromatin assembly in fungi and plants. They target endogenous mRNAs for cleavage and translational repression in plants and animals, and protect both plant and animal cells against virus infection through an RNA-based immune system. They also control the movement of transposable elements at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level in plants and animals. Cis-acting siRNAs as an RNA-based immune mechanism and a silencing toolBecause small RNAs are repressors of gene expression, small RNA-mediated regulation is often referred to as RNA silencing, gene silencing, or RNA interference (RNAi). RNA silencing was discovered in plants more than 15 years ago during the course of transgenic experiments that eventually led to silencing of the introduced transgene and, in some cases, of homologous endogenous genes or resident transgenes (Matzke et al. 1989;Linn et al. 1990;Napoli et al. 1990;Smith et al. 1990;van der Krol et al. 1990). Gene silencing results from transcription inhibition (transcriptional gene silencing [TGS]) or from RNA degradation (post-transcriptional gene silencing [PTGS]), and correlates with the accumulation of siRNAs corresponding to the silenced promoter or to the degraded RNA, respectively (Hamilton and Baulcombe 1999;Mette et al. 2000). The production of virus-derived siRNAs was observed in response to virus infection (Hamilton and Baulcombe 1999), and plant mutants defective in PTGS were hypersusceptible to virus infection (Mourrain et al. 2000;Dalmay et al. 2001;Qu et al. 2005;Schwach et al. 2005). Studies in worm revealed that mutants defective in RNAi (the animal counterpart of PTGS) lose control of their transposable elements (Ketting et al. 1999). Altogether, these results suggested that the PTGS/RNAi pathway corresponds to an RNA-based immune system that allows cells to control endogenous (transposons) or exogenous (virus, transgenes) nucleic acid invaders through...

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“…38 Among the growing number of examples are the involvement of nat-siRNAs in proline accumulation connected to salt tolerance 39 and the role which glycin-rich-RNA binding proteins play as RNA chaperons against cold stress. 40 A number of further examples may also be found in recent reviews covering this topic.…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%