Endolymphatic hydrops after fenestration: A temporal bone study with implications on the function of the utriculo-endolymphatic valve

Canalis, Rinaldo F.; Gussen, Ruth; Abemayor, Elliot

doi:10.1016/0196-0709(89)90036-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Schuknecht and Belal (1975) have speculated that it would cause EH in the utricle if the valve keeps closed, while Canalis et al (1989) considered an open UEV to be the source of EH. The durative unsymmetrical endolymph exchange between the two parts of the ML as shown in this study (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The UEV is located in the anteroinferior wall of the utricle at the orifice of the utricular duct, and is believed to be a passive structure (Schuknecht and Belal, 1975). As revealed by many experiments, the UEV perhaps plays an important role in maintaining a constant pressure within PS (Canalis et al, 1989). The UEV appears to be often closed in normal ear under certain conditions, but has also been found to be opened in both normal and pathological ears (Bachor and Karmody, 1995;Bast, 1934;Shimizu et al, 2011), with the position of the UEV seemingly dependent on the type of endolymphatic hydrops (EH).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Numerical simulation of the role of the utriculo-endolymphatic valve in the rotation-sensing capabilities of semicircular canals

Shen

Sun

Shen

et al. 2016

Journal of Biomechanics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Numerical simulation of the role of the utriculo-endolymphatic valve in the rotation-sensing capabilities of semicircular canals

Shen

Sun

Shen

et al. 2016

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…Various studies have postulated that closure of the valve may protect the endolymphatic compartments from abrupt changes in pressure. Conversely, opening of the valve may allow the controlled egress of endolymph between pars superior and inferior in cases of compartmental endolymphatic hydrops (16,17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-reconstructions of Bast's Valve and Membranous Labyrinth: Insights for Vestibular Implantation and Meniere's Disease

Misra

Cheng

Curthoys

et al. 2021

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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Hypothesis/Background: Bast's valve is a poorly understood inner ear structure located at the junction between pars superior and inferior in the membranous labyrinth. Anatomically precise three-dimensional reconstructions (3D-reconstructions) of Bast's valve can help illuminate the morphology of the valve, and point toward its role in normal physiology and pathological states such as endolymphatic hydrops. This is of particular relevance to the development of a vestibular implant, a device intended to rehabilitate deficits in the vestibular system. Methods: Six postmortem human temporal bones from healthy donors were scanned using a micro-computed tomography (microCT) scanner. The microCT data allowed 3D-reconstructions of the membranous labyrinth, with a particular focus on Bast's valve, vestibule, and cochlear duct.Results: The microCT images of Bast's valve showed a rigid lip containing a core of soft tissue, opposing the thin membranous wall of the utricle. The maximum recorded length and width of the rigid lip were 440.4 mm and 88 mm, respectively. The 3D-reconstructions illustrated the slit-like opening of Bast's valve into the utricle, the twisting course of the basal turn of the cochlear duct, and the spatial orientation of utricle and saccule with respect to the stapes footplate.Conclusions: The present study provided a novel anatomical perspective on the microscopic structure of Bast's valve. The interplay between endolymphatic hydrops and Bast's valve is an ongoing area of research, but defining this anatomy in 3D will play a key role in furthering our understanding of the disease process. Implications for vestibular implantation are explored through the various 3D-reconstructions.

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The utriculo-endolymphatic valve in pediatric temporal bones

Bachor

Karmody

1995

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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The utriculo-endolymphatic valve (UEV) is located in the posterior wall of the utricle at its junction with the utricular duct and was first described in a human fetus by Bast in 1928. Although different theories about its normal position and function have been postulated, the function of the UEV remains unclear. In the present investigation we studied 118 temporal bones from 70 children to determine whether there were differences in the position of the valve and by inference, its function between children and adults. Premortem ages ranged from newborn to 10 years (mean age, 11.6 months). All temporal bones were fixed in 10% formalin, decalcified and processed by the celloidin technique. Specimens were sectioned in a horizontal plane at a thickness of 20 microns. Every tenth section was stained with hematoxylin-eosin and studied by light microscopy. The position of the UEV was then classified as closed or open. Valves damaged by preparation or having an uncertain position were classified as artifact. The chi-square test was used to determine a correlation between the position of the valve and the status of the rest of the endolymphatic system and whether or not endolymphatic hydrops was present in the cochlear and vestibular systems. The UEV was closed in 39 temporal bones (33.1%) and open in 13 (11.0%). Artifacts were found in 66 bones (55.9%). In the group of patients with a collapsed ductus reuniens the UEV was closed in 38% of the specimens, suggesting that the UEV prevented loss of endolymph from the pars superior, but these findings were not statistically significant.

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Endolymphatic hydrops after fenestration: A temporal bone study with implications on the function of the utriculo-endolymphatic valve

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Numerical simulation of the role of the utriculo-endolymphatic valve in the rotation-sensing capabilities of semicircular canals

Numerical simulation of the role of the utriculo-endolymphatic valve in the rotation-sensing capabilities of semicircular canals

3D-reconstructions of Bast's Valve and Membranous Labyrinth: Insights for Vestibular Implantation and Meniere's Disease

The utriculo-endolymphatic valve in pediatric temporal bones

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