Endometrial biopsy: a valuable clinical and research tool in bovine reproduction

Chapwanya, Aspinas; Meade, Kieran G.; Narciandi, Fernando; Stanley, Paul; Mee, JF; Doherty, Michael L.; Callanan, John J.; O’Farrelly, Cliona

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.11.015

Cited by 72 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Antimicrobial peptides and mucosal glycoproteins also cover the mucosa to neutralise bacteria and prevent them reaching the epithelium. The principal cysteine-rich, cationic, antimicrobial peptides expressed in the bovine endometrium include b-defensins, lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP), and tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP), and their transcripts are more abundant in the face of microbial challenge (Davies et al 2008, Chapwanya et al 2013. Other surface molecules that may help to protect the endometrium include the mucins; evidence for their role includes genetic deletion of Muc1 in mice, which is associated with chronic inflammation of the lower female reproductive tract by opportunistic bacterial infections (DeSouza et al 1999).…”

Section: Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity and inflammation of the bovine female reproductive tract in health and disease

Sheldon¹,

Cronin²,

Healey³

et al. 2014

Reproduction

128

100

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Mammalian reproductive physiology and the development of viviparity co-evolved with inflammation and immunity over millennia. Many inflammatory mediators contribute to paracrine and endocrine signalling, and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis in the female reproductive tract. However, inflammation is also a feature of microbial infections of the reproductive tract. Bacteria and viruses commonly cause endometritis, perturb ovarian follicle development and suppress the endocrine activity of the hypothalamus and pituitary in cattle. Innate immunity is an evolutionary ancient system that orchestrates host cell inflammatory responses aimed at eliminating pathogens and repairing damaged tissue. Pattern recognition receptors on host cells bind pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns, leading to the activation of intracellular MAPK and NFkB signalling pathways and the release of inflammatory mediators. Inflammatory mediators typically include the interleukin cytokines IL1b and IL6, chemokines such as IL8, interferons and prostaglandins. This review outlines the mechanisms of inflammation and innate immunity in the bovine female reproductive tract during health and disease condition.

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Section: Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity and inflammation of the bovine female reproductive tract in health and disease

Sheldon¹,

Cronin²,

Healey³

et al. 2014

Reproduction

128

100

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“…By UL and CB, it is possible to collect endometrial cells from the lumen of each uterine horn, whereas by EB a full thickness sample of the endometrium and in some cases a portion of the underlying myometrium is recovered (depth of tissue varies from 0.4 to 1cm ) (Rhoads et al, 2008, Chapwanya et al, 2010. The impact of these procedures on fertilisation and early embryo development is unclear (Zaayer andVan der Horst, 1986, Sheldon et al, 2006).…”

Section: Cells (Ul Cb) Luminal Secretions (Ul) and Uterine Tissue (mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protocol was adapted from Chapwanya et al (2010). Briefly, the vulva and surrounding areas were cleansed with iodine solution and water and epidural anaesthesia (Lignocaine 0.2 mg/kg Ilium®, Troy…”

Section: Endometrial Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the usefulness of bovine uterine histology is limited by being laborious and/or expensive to apply in routine reproductive assessment, greater precision in the diagnosis of inflammatory process using biopsy material before AI or ET has emerged as an option to increase reproductive efficiency in the cattle industry. Histologically, endometritis is characterised by increased infiltration of inflammatory cells associated with glandular and vascular changes (Chapwanya et al, 2010). Although the diagnosis of endometritis by histopathology is not difficult, defined criteria and uniformity in the mode of assessment were lacking in more subjective assessment methods (Singh et al, 1983, Bonnett et al, 1991b, McDougall et al, 2007, Chapwanya et al, 2009 Questions remain as to the impact of endometrial biopsy on later fertility and this study aims to assess endometrial morphological changes in heifers after biopsy using the small jaw Storz® device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Ramirez-Garzon

Satake

Lyons

et al. 2017

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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In cattle, early embryonic loss during the first two to three weeks after fertilisation is recognised as the major cause of reproductive failure, with consequent significant impacts on business performance of beef and dairy farms. Inadequate endometrial receptivity is considered an important cause of early embryonic mortality in cattle. A pilot experiment was conducted to compare the outcome of performing different endometrial sampling procedures in tropically adapted (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) heifers, and to select the most suitable method to collect samples for investigation of endometrial gene expression. Endometrial biopsy (EB) using a biopsy device with a diameter similar to an artificial insemination gun (10366L Karl Storz®, Germany) was found to be the most reliable method of collecting endometrial samples in these heifers, with the samples recovered yielding a mean concentration of RNA of 72.9 ±39.3 ng/µl and mean RNA integrity number (RIN) of 7.3 ±1.1.To assess the likely safety of conducting EB in cattle a systematic review of published information assessing the impact of EB on subsequent pregnancy rates was conducted. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol, online searches identified 1164 possible studies. After applying the exclusion criteria, six studies allowed the comparison of pregnancy rates between sampled (n= 1,208) and non-sampled cows (n=2,393). The results showed that EB can be performed before breeding without adversely affecting the likelihood of cows becoming pregnant.A major objective of the research was to determine whether EB and evaluation of endometrial gene expression could be used to identify tropically adapted embryo transfer (ET) recipients more likely to become pregnant. Three potential EB scenarios were investigated, 1) EB on Day 7 of the oestrous cycle prior to the cycle when ET would be performed, 2) EB on Day 4 of the oestrous cycle in which ET would be performed i.e. EB 3 days before ET, and 3) EB on the same day when ET would be performed.The first study assessed the morphological and inflammatory changes induced by endometrial biopsy. Pre-synchronised heifers underwent EB from the horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL) either at Day 7 of the previous cycle (Group 1 n=10) followed by administration of a luteolytic dose of prostaglandin F2α or at Day 4 (Group 2, n=7) of the present cycle. All heifers were slaughtered on Day 7 of the present cycle. The site of EB was visually evident in 40% (4/10) of Group 1 and 42% (3/7) of Group 2 heifers. Histological assessment revealed no evidence of changes indicative of endometritis in either the biopsied or non-biopsied horns in both groups. The histological iii changes observed included mild mononuclear infiltration of the epithelium and mild vascular changes associated with haemorrhage and congestion.Initial investigation of the endometrial expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β and wound healing cytokine TGFβ genes found no significant difference betwe...

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“…Quantitative real-time PCR (q-RT-PCR) was performed on candidate genes identified in 72 the literature as being involved in the immune response (Chapwanya et al, 2009;Eckersall 73 and Bell, 2010). In order to characterise possible mechanisms leading to the up-or down-74 regulation of the initially identified genes, a further 8 genes were chosen in order to further 75 identify these.…”

Section: Quantitative Real-time Pcr (Q-rt-pcr) 71mentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered endometrial immune gene expression in beef heifers with retarded embryos

Beltman

Forde

Lonergan

et al. 2013

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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The aim of the present study was to compare endometrial gene expression profiles in a group of beef heifers yielding viable or retarded embryos on Day 7 after oestrus as a means of potentially explaining differences in embryo survival rates. Heifers were classified as either: (1) viable, when the embryo collected on Day 7 after oestrus was at the correct developmental stage (i.e. morula/early blastocyst); or (2) retarded, when the embryo was arrested at the 2–16-cell stage. The focus of the present study was on genes that were associated with either the pro- or anti-inflammatory immune response. Endometrial gene expression was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Expression of the β-defensin (DEFB1), interferon (IFN)-α (IFNA), IFN-γ (IFNG), interleukin (IL)-6 (IL6), IL-10 (IL10), forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1 (NCR1) genes was lower in endometria from viable than retarded heifers. Expression of the nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1 (NKFB1), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (TGFB), IFN-γ-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) and IL-21 (IL21) genes was higher in viable than retarded heifers. We propose that small disturbances in the expression of immune genes in the endometrium on Day 7 after oestrus can have detrimental effects on embryo survival.

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Endometrial biopsy: a valuable clinical and research tool in bovine reproduction

Cited by 72 publications

References 20 publications

Innate immunity and inflammation of the bovine female reproductive tract in health and disease

Innate immunity and inflammation of the bovine female reproductive tract in health and disease

63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Altered endometrial immune gene expression in beef heifers with retarded embryos

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