Endometrial cell counts in recurrent miscarriage: a comparison of counting methods

Drury, Josephine A.; Nik, Helena; Oppenraaij, R.H.F. van; Tang, Ai-Wei; Turner, Mark A.; Quenby, Siobhán

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04046.x

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The number of nuclei could be calculated after the hematoxilin stained areas were isolated using the “H&E” filter of the color deconvolution plug in. After that “watershed” and “particle counter” algorithms were run for the nuclei count as described by others [34], [35]. This method was compared with manual counting and was found to be as accurate as the manual method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Single Intravitreal Injection of Aflibercept and Ranibizumab on Glomeruli of Monkeys

et al. 2014

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PurposeIt is known that endothelial cells in the kidney are also strongly VEGF-dependent. Whether intravitreal drugs can be detected within the glomeruli or affect VEGF in glomerular podocytes is not known. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of a single intravitreal injection of aflibercept and ranibizumab on glomeruli of monkeys.MethodsThe kidneys of eight cynomolgus monkeys, which were intravitreally injected either with 2 mg of aflibercept or with 0.5 mg of ranibizumab, were investigated one and seven days after injection. Two animals served as controls. The distribution of aflibercept, ranibizumab and VEGF was evaluated using anti-Fc- or anti-F(ab)-fragment and anti-VEGF antibodies respectively. The ratio of stained area/nuclei was calculated using a semi-quantitative computer assisted method. Glomerular endothelial cell fenestration was quantified in electron microscopy using a systematic uniform random sampling protocol and estimating the ratio of fenestrae per µm.ResultsCompared to the controls, the anti-VEGF stained area/nuclei ratio of the ranibizumab-treated animals showed no significant changes whereas the stained areas of the aflibercept-treated monkeys showed a significant decrease post-treatment. Immune reactivity (IR) against aflibercept or ranibizumab was detected in aflibercept- or ranibizumab treated animals respectively. The number of fenestrations of the glomerular endothelial cells has shown no significant differences except one day after aflibercept injection in which the number was increased.ConclusionSurprisingly, both drugs could be detected within the capillaries of the glomeruli. After a single intravitreal injection of aflibercept, VEGF IR in the podocytes was significantly reduced compared to controls. Ranibizumab injection had no significant effect on the glomeruli's VEGF level. Whether this is caused by aflibercept's higher affinity to VEGF or because it is used in a higher stoichiometric concentration compared to ranibizumab remains to be investigated.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Single Intravitreal Injection of Aflibercept and Ranibizumab on Glomeruli of Monkeys

et al. 2014

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“…Cells can also be marked and re-examined to clarify whether staining cells are definitely tumour rather than some other type of cell (eg, lymphocyte) without losing track of how many have been counted, making this method the gold standard for cell counting with which the accuracy of eyeballing and tally counting can be compared 20. Intraobserver variability in ImageJ analysis was calculated by performing repeated measurements on a semi-random sample of 10 of the 93 cases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of visual assessments of proliferation indices in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours

et al. 2013

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Manual tally counts of 2000 cells exhibited similar levels of accuracy to the gold standard, especially at low PIs. Eyeball estimates were significantly less accurate than the gold standard. This suggests that tumour grades may be misclassified by eyeballing and that formal tally counting of positive cells produces more reliable results. Further studies are needed to identify accurate clinically appropriate ways of calculating.

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“…The nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. For each coverslip, the percentage of BrdU + nuclei over the total nuclei was automatically determined using ImageJ software (http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/) and particles analysis plug-in (83). In experiments where the ADNPCs were transfected with the EdTC plasmid (61) expressing dominant-negative TCF4 and mCherry (Addgene plasmid 24310) or the corresponding control vector expressing mCherry alone, the cell proliferation was calculated as the percentage of BrdU + Cherry + double-labeled cells over total Cherry + cells.…”

Section: Behavioral Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium rescues synaptic plasticity and memory in Down syndrome mice

Contestabile¹,

Greco²,

Ghezzi³

et al. 2012

J. Clin. Invest.

145

151

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Down syndrome (DS) patients exhibit abnormalities of hippocampal-dependent explicit memory, a feature that is replicated in relevant mouse models of the disease. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis, which is impaired in DS and other neuropsychiatric diseases, plays a key role in hippocampal circuit plasticity and has been implicated in learning and memory. However, it remains unknown whether increasing adult neurogenesis improves hippocampal plasticity and behavioral performance in the multifactorial context of DS. We report that, in the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS, chronic administration of lithium, a clinically used mood stabilizer, promoted the proliferation of neuronal precursor cells through the pharmacological activation of the Wnt/ β-catenin pathway and restored adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) to physiological levels. The restoration of adult neurogenesis completely rescued the synaptic plasticity of newborn neurons in the DG and led to the full recovery of behavioral performance in fear conditioning, object location, and novel object recognition tests. These findings indicate that reestablishing a functional population of hippocampal newborn neurons in adult DS mice rescues hippocampal plasticity and memory and implicate adult neurogenesis as a promising therapeutic target to alleviate cognitive deficits in DS patients.

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Endometrial cell counts in recurrent miscarriage: a comparison of counting methods

Abstract: Compared to manual cell counting, computer-aided image analysis yields more reproducible results for the assessment of uNK cells density using IHC.

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of a Single Intravitreal Injection of Aflibercept and Ranibizumab on Glomeruli of Monkeys

Effects of a Single Intravitreal Injection of Aflibercept and Ranibizumab on Glomeruli of Monkeys

Accuracy of visual assessments of proliferation indices in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours

Lithium rescues synaptic plasticity and memory in Down syndrome mice

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