Endometrial Histopathology in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Its Relation With Thyroid Profile and Endometrial Thickness

Sahu, Harshita Deep; Varma, Amit; Karmarkar, Srushti; Malukani, Kamal; Khanuja, Anushka; Kesharwani, Pooja

doi:10.7759/cureus.37931

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Similar findings were obsereved by other studies. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]15 Hypertension is the most common co morbid condition that is associated with AUB in the present study which is a similar finding in Rajini Vaidya et al 1 study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Functional causes (64.2%) of AUB are more common than organic causes (35.8%) in this study which is in concordance with study done by Sharma et al, 7 Vijayaraghavan et al, 3 Dwivedi et al, 9 Prathipa et al, 10 J Bindhuja et al, 12 Neha Khanam et al 15 Normal cyclical endometrium patterns are commonly seen in the present studywhich is similar to other studies. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Proliferative phase (34.7%) was the most common followed by secretory phase (18.9%) among all age groups of women in the present study.Similar findings were observed by Vijayaraghavan et al, 3 Jagadale Kunda et al, 5 Sharma et al 7 Disordered proliferative endometrium was seen in 5.83% of cases. Majority of the cases were in the age group of 18-40 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…2,3 Diabetes, Hypertension, thyroid dysfunction are known risk factors associated with AUB in developing endometrial malignancy and its precursor conditions. 2,4 Endometrial biopsy is used as a diagnostic tool in AUB patients. It is a safe and first line test done in women of > 45 years of age presenting with AUB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic value of endometrial samples in women with abnormal uterine bleeding at a teritiary care centre

Pidigundla,

Junutula,

Naik V

2023

IJPO

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Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a most common gynecological complaint associated with co morbidities that affects quality of life in women. The Aim of the study was to ananlyze the hisopathological patterns of endometrium in women with AUB and to determine the various histopatterns among different age groups of women presenting with AUB. This is a prospective study conducted at Government medical college, Anantapuramu, from January 2021 to December 2022.Endometrial samples with clinical diagnosis of AUB, in whom Gestational causes were ruled out, were included in this study, Statistical data ananlysis was done using SSPS software. A total of 360 cases were analyzed. The prevalence of AUB most common in perimenopausal age group women. Mennorhagia (79.8%) was the common bleeding pattern. The bleeding pattern was significantly associated with age groups(p=0.00).The functional cause (64.2%) of AUB was more common than Organic cause (35.8%).The association of functional and organic causes with age group was not significant. The most common histological pattern was the normal cyclical pattern showing proliferative phase (54.1%). 94 cases showed hisopathological pattern of Hyperplasias that are more common among perimenopausal and postmenopausal age groups. Five cases of Endometrial carcinoma were seen among postmenopausal age group. Three cases were Stage IA, two cases were Stage IB. Obesity and hypertension were most common comorbid conditions seen in this study. Endometrial biopsy should be considered during the workup of women with a clinical diagnosis of AUB to exclude organic pathology especially early detection of precursor lesion of malignancy among perimenopausal and post-menopausal age groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Diagnostic value of endometrial samples in women with abnormal uterine bleeding at a teritiary care centre

Pidigundla,

Junutula,

Naik V

2023

IJPO

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“…The present study also evinced that endometrial thickness ≥ 10 mm was an independent risk factor for AUB in perimenopausal women. Indeed, consistent with this result, a previous study [ 27 ] has showed that majority of women with AUB in aerimenopausal age had endometrial thickness of 10–12 mm (35.7%) followed by 7–9 mm (27.1%). Getpook et al [ 28 ] concluded that endometrial thickness of 8 mm or less was less likely to be associated with malignant pathologies in premenopausal uterine bleeding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Contributing factors related to abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women: a case–control study

Tian,

Bai,

Wang

et al. 2024

J Health Popul Nutr

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Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) during the menopausal transition results in reproductive endocrine disorders and both physiological and pathological changes, substantially impacting women’s health. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing AUB in perimenopausal women. Between April 2021 and June 2022, 120 perimenopausal women with AUB in the menopausal transition, diagnosed and treated at the Gynaecology Department of Kunming Tongren Hospital, were included in the case group. Concurrently, women undergoing routine health examinations at the same hospital were randomly selected as the control group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified factors related to AUB. The univariate analysis revealed significant associations (P < 0.05) between AUB and several factors, including age, body mass index (BMI), age at menarche, gravidity, and intrauterine device (IUD) placement in perimenopausal women. The multivariate regression analysis indicated that the independent risk factors for AUB include benign endometrial lesions (odds ratio [OR] 5.243, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.082–9.458, P < 0.001), endometrial thickness ≥ 10 mm (OR 1.573, 95% CI 0.984–3.287, P < 0.001), age ≥ 50 years (OR 2.045, 95% CI 1.035–4.762, P = 0.001), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR 2.436, 95% CI 1.43–4.86, P = 0.002), and IUD placement (OR 2.458, 95% CI 1.253–4.406, P < 0.001). Abnormal uterine bleeding during the menopausal transition is associated with several factors, including age, BMI, and IUD placement, highlighting the importance of early screening for these risk factors in the diagnosis and treatment of AUB.

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“…Thyroid disorders are more prevalent in women, especially during their reproductive years [5]. Having problems with your periods is often linked to hypothyroidism, which is marked by high levels of thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) and low levels of free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothyroidism and Its Impact on Menstrual Irregularities in Reproductive-Age Women: A Comprehensive Analysis at a Tertiary Care Center

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Endometrial Histopathology in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Its Relation With Thyroid Profile and Endometrial Thickness

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Diagnostic value of endometrial samples in women with abnormal uterine bleeding at a teritiary care centre

Diagnostic value of endometrial samples in women with abnormal uterine bleeding at a teritiary care centre

Contributing factors related to abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women: a case–control study

Hypothyroidism and Its Impact on Menstrual Irregularities in Reproductive-Age Women: A Comprehensive Analysis at a Tertiary Care Center

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