Endomyocardial fibrosis causing stroke in a young man

Rajani, Ali Raza; Hussain, Kosar; Baslaib, Fahad; Mirza, Sumbul Javed

doi:10.1136/bdr-2012-006635

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…EMF develops with three stages: necrosis, thrombosis, and fibrosis 4 . A wide range of symptoms can be seen: some patients present with stroke, 5 some patients have rapidly progressing heart failure which commonly presents with shortness of breath, fatigue and, peripheral edema, leading to death, and some patients show regression of symptoms 6 . The most frequently affected cardiac chamber is the RV, with better clinical tolerance 6 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension by multimodality imaging: Left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis

Uygur

Cansever

Demir

et al. 2021

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF), a restrictive cardiomyopathy characterized by subendocardial fibrosis, is commonly seen in tropical and subtropical regions. EMF involving the left ventricle presents with severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) and is a rare cause of PH in non‐tropical areas. Multimodality imaging is important for accurate diagnosis, especially cardiac magnetic resonance imaging which is the cornerstone. Herein, we report the case of a patient who presented with heart failure symptoms and severe PH, and in whom EMF was diagnosed by multimodality imaging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension by multimodality imaging: Left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis

Uygur

Cansever

Demir

et al. 2021

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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“…Case reports of CMR have reported left ventricular non-compaction, an uncommon congenital cardiomyopathy associated with cardioembolic risk,34 35 after cryptogenic stroke. There are also reports of Raghib syndrome, a rare developmental anomaly marked by persistence of the left superior vena cava along with coronary sinus ostial atresia and ASD;36 as well as endomyocardial fibrosis 37. None of the studies, however, designed to evaluate the role of CMR in acute stroke diagnostic evaluation report on left atrial or LAA features among included patients despite recent work on atrial cardiopathy as a potential stroke mechanism in patients who had cryptogenic stroke.…”

Section: Cmr In Patients With Cryptogenic Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: a new tool to identify cardioaortic sources in ischaemic stroke

Yaghi

Liberman

Atalay

et al. 2016

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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Stroke of undetermined aetiology or 'cryptogenic' stroke accounts for 30-40% of ischaemic strokes despite extensive diagnostic evaluation. The role and yield of cardiac imaging is controversial. Cardiac MRI (CMR) has been used for cardiac disorders, but its use in cryptogenic stroke is not well established. We reviewed the literature (randomised trials, exploratory comparative studies and case series) on the use of CMR in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with ischaemic stroke. The literature on the use of CMR in the diagnostic evaluation of ischaemic stroke is sparse. However, studies have demonstrated a potential role for CMR in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with cryptogenic stroke to identify potential aetiologies such as cardiac thrombi, cardiac tumours, aortic arch disease and other rare cardiac anomalies. CMR can also provide data on certain functional and structural parameters of the left atrium and the left atrial appendage which have been shown to be associated with ischaemic stroke risk. CMR is a non-invasive modality that can help identify potential mechanisms in cryptogenic stroke and patients who may be targeted for enrolment into clinical trials comparing anticoagulation to antiplatelet therapy in secondary stroke prevention. Prospective studies are needed to compare the value of CMR as compared to transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnostic evaluation of cryptogenic stroke.

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“…EMF is an idiopathic form of cardiomyopathy characterized by the presence of fibrotic deposits and thickening of the myocardium and endocardium. This fibrosis typically extends from the ventricular apices to the valves, leading to restricted blood flow [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. The fibrosis is often dense and can be localized or diffuse, primarily affecting the atrioventricular (AV) valves [46][47][48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Complications of Endomyocardial Fibrosis along with Their Physiological Compromise

Nabhani

2023

JAMMR

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Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a cardiac condition characterized by the presence of fibrous tissue in the myocardium and endocardium, resulting in restricted heart function. This review focuses on the prevalence of EMF, which primarily affects the young population but can also be found in older individuals. The disease is most commonly observed in underdeveloped regions such as Uganda, Mozambique, South Asia, and South America. Recent studies have aimed to comprehensively understand this condition, and this review examines the complications associated with EMF based on case studies, clinical trials, experiments, and research. These complications include heart failure, regurgitation of the atrioventricular valves, arrhythmias, effusions in serous cavities, circulatory shock, stroke, myocardial ischemic syndromes, hepatic dysfunction, and end-organ dysfunctions. Fatalities can occur due to complications like heart failure, and the presence of left ventricular thrombosis increases the risk of systemic or cerebral thromboembolism, potentially leading to a stroke. The review also discusses management strategies that have proven effective, advancements in cardiac transplantation, and newly proposed therapeutic targets, which offer hope for mitigating the impact of EMF and its consequences.

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Endomyocardial fibrosis causing stroke in a young man

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Detection of a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension by multimodality imaging: Left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis

Detection of a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension by multimodality imaging: Left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: a new tool to identify cardioaortic sources in ischaemic stroke

A Review of the Complications of Endomyocardial Fibrosis along with Their Physiological Compromise

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