Endophthalmitis caused by Phialophora verrucosa: A case report and literature review of Phialophora ocular infections

Campos-Herrero, María Isolina; Tandón, Luis; Horcajada, Iballa; Medina-Rivero, Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2011.10.012

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The diagnostic GL yield GL exceeded that of IS by more than 20%. The authors believe that this difference from the literature may be due to the variability of the sampling process and the greater difficulty in obtaining a valid IS [12]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Induced sputum versus gastric lavage for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children”

et al. 2013

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BackgroundDiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is difficult in infants and young children. For microbiological confirmation of PTB children, sequential gastric lavage (GL) is recommended. Induced sputum (IS) may be an alternative or complementary tool, but the information is limited in children in developed countries. The aim of this study is to assess the safety and diagnostic yield from IS combined with GL for PTB diagnosis in non-HIV infected children.MethodsThe study involved 22 children with suspected PTB admitted to the Getafe Hospital from January 2007 to May 2011. IS and GL were performed on three consecutive days, according to a standardized protocol. In all samples, BK staining, culture and PCR were carried out, including Genotype MTBDR plus for resistance to INH-RIF (Isoniazid-Rifampin) since 2008. A preliminary analysis of an ongoing prospective study is presented.ResultsMedian age was 72 months (range 1 month to 14 years of age). Seven (33%) were ≤ 5 years of age. Seventeen were clinically diagnosed of PTB based on positive PPD and radiological criteria. Microbiological confirmation was achieved in 10 (58.8%) by either GL or IS. M. tuberculosis was identified by GL in 8 children (47.1%) and by IS in 7 (41.2%). One infant (2 IS samples) had transient oxygen desaturation recovered spontaneously.ConclusionsIS appears to be safe and well tolerated by children for diagnosis of PTB and is more convenient. Increasing the diagnostic yield of PTB in children with PTB may be a complementary technique. Largest studies are necessary to define the role of IS in paediatric PTB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Induced sputum versus gastric lavage for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children”

et al. 2013

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“…P. verrucosa is also associated with phaeohyphomycosis and mycetoma [5,6]. There are cases of fatal hemorrhage due to the invasive P. verrucosa [7] and endophthalmitis caused by this fungus [8]. Different therapies have been used throughout the years, but long-term efficacy is still too low to allow specialists to elect a drug of choice [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1,10-Phenanthroline Inhibits the Metallopeptidase Secreted by Phialophora verrucosa and Modulates its Growth, Morphology and Differentiation

et al. 2014

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Phialophora verrucosa is one of the etiologic agents of chromoblastomycosis, a fungal infection that affects cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues. This disease is chronic, recurrent and difficult to treat. Several studies have shown that secreted peptidases by fungi are associated with important pathophysiological processes. Herein, we have identified and partially characterized the peptidase activity secreted by P. verrucosa conidial cells. Using human serum albumin as substrate, the best hydrolysis profile was detected at extreme acidic pH (3.0) and at 37 °C. The enzymatic activity was completely blocked by classical metallopeptidase inhibitors/chelating agents as 1,10-phenanthroline and EGTA. Zinc ions stimulated the metallo-type peptidase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Several proteinaceous substrates were cleaved, in different extension, by the P. verrucosa metallopeptidase activity, including immunoglobulin G, fibrinogen, collagen types I and IV, fibronectin, laminin and keratin; however, mucin and hemoglobin were not susceptible to proteolysis. As metallopeptidases participate in different cellular metabolic pathways in fungal cells, we also tested the influence of 1,10-phenanthroline and EGTA on P. verrucosa development. Contrarily to EGTA, 1,10-phenanthroline inhibited the fungal viability (MIC 0.8 µg/ml), showing fungistatic effect, and induced profound morphological alterations as visualized by transmission electron microscopy. In addition, 1,10-phenanthroline arrested the filamentation process in P. verrucosa. Our results corroborate the supposition that metallopeptidase inhibitors/chelating agents have potential to control crucial biological events in fungal agents of chromoblastomycosis.

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“… 1 In addition to causing chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue infection, Phialophora have been implicated in mycotic keratitis 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 and endophthalmitis. 7 , 8 Nearly all Phialophora ocular infections have been attributed to P. verrucosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phialophora chinensis fungal keratitis: An initial case report and species identification

Ply

Cañete‐Gibas

Sanders

et al. 2023

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Endophthalmitis caused by Phialophora verrucosa: A case report and literature review of Phialophora ocular infections

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

“Induced sputum versus gastric lavage for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children”

“Induced sputum versus gastric lavage for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children”

1,10-Phenanthroline Inhibits the Metallopeptidase Secreted by Phialophora verrucosa and Modulates its Growth, Morphology and Differentiation

Phialophora chinensis fungal keratitis: An initial case report and species identification

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